Black Ch 2 - Verb preview/overview basic concepts

Question 1

What is a “clause”?

Answer 1

A group of words forming a sense unit and containing a finite verb

Question 2

What is a “finite verb”?

Answer 2

A verb that functions as the basic verbal element of a clause

Question 3

What is a “stem”?

Answer 3

The basic part of a finite verb that contains the lexical (dictionary) meaning of the word

Question 4

What is an “affix”?

Answer 4

A part of a finite verb that indicates the function of the word in the sentence

Question 5

What are the three types of affixes?

Answer 5

Prefix - added to the beginning of a word
Infix - added within the word
Suffix - added to the end of the word

Question 6

What is a “lexical morpheme”?

Answer 6

The stem that conveys the dictionary meaning of the word

Question 7

What is a “paradigm” in Greek?

Answer 7

The same pattern used by several words (such as the pattern of suffixes added to Greek verbs)

Question 8

What does “mood” refer to?

Answer 8

The manner in which the speaker relates the verbal idea to reality.
(The speaker’s choice of mood doesn’t have to correlate to objective reality - they could be lying or deliberately masking the real mood.)

Question 9

What are the four most common moods in the Greek NT?

Answer 9

Indicative
Imperative
Subjunctive
Infinitive

Question 10

Which of the five moods are called potential moods, representing action that is possible, but not actual?

Answer 10

Imperative
Subjunctive
Infinitive
Optative

Question 11

What does the “voice” of a verb refer to?

Answer 11

Refers to the way in which the speaker chooses to relate the grammatical subject of a verb to the action of that verb.

Question 12

Which voice could be described as “when the subject is presented as performing the action of the verb”?

Answer 12

active voice

Question 13

Which voice might be described by “the subject acts on or for itself; usually using the translation “him- her-, it-, them-selves” after a verb in this voice works preliminarily”.

Answer 13

the middle voice

Question 14

In which voice is the subject pictured as being acted upon?

Answer 14

the passive voice

Question 15

Which of the three voices is the normal or “unmarked” voice in Greek (both by frequency and emphasis)?

Answer 15

the active voice

Question 16

Name the seven tenses of Greek verbs.

Answer 16

present
future
imperfect
aorist
perfect
pluperfect
future perfect

Question 17

Which tenses are known as primary (or principal) tenses?

Answer 17

present
future
perfect
future perfect

Question 18

Which tenses are also called the secondary (or historical) tenses?

Answer 18

imperfect
aorist
pluperfect

Question 19

What do we call verbs like: “will, have, be, should, or would”
when used with another verb in composite tenses?

Answer 19

auxiliary verbs

Question 20

How many auxiliary verbs does Koine Greek have?

Answer 20

only 1

Question 21

Name the three categories of aspect in Greek.

Answer 21

Imperfective, Perfective, and Aoristic