Black Ch 2 - Verb preview/overview (advanced) - not to be mastered now! Flashcards by Lorna Blackford

Q

What does “mood” refer to?

A

The manner in which the speaker relates the verbal idea to reality.
(The speaker’s choice of mood doesn’t have to correlate to objective reality - they could be lying or deliberately masking the real mood.)

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Q

What is meant by the “indicative” mood?

A

A verb that is an affirmation: indicates that the speaker affirms the factuality of the statement.
a.k.a.: the mood of reality.
It is the customary or “unmarked” mood in Greek.
Example: I have mercy.

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Q

What is expressed by the imperative mood?

A

A command, such as “Lord, have mercy”

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Q

What is expressed by the subjunctive mood?

A

Contingency, such as “though he have mercy”

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Q

Which mood expresses a verbal idea, but without limiting it by specifying person or number?

A

The infinitive mood: “to have mercy”

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Q

What is a fifth mood that expresses a polite request, that is not widely used in the NT?

A

The optative mood: “may he have mercy”

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Q

What are the four most common moods in the Greek NT?

A

Indicative
Imperative
Subjunctive
Infinitive

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Q

Which of the five moods are called potential moods, representing action that is possible, but not actual?

A

Imperative
Subjunctive
Infinitive
Optative

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Q

What does the “voice” of a verb refer to?

A

Refers to the way in which the speaker chooses to relate the grammatical subject of a verb to the action of that verb.

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Q

Which voice could be described as “when the subject is presented as performing the action of the verb”?

A

active voice

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Q

Which voice might be described by “the subject acts on or for itself; usually using the translation “him- her-, it-, them-selves” after a verb in this voice works preliminarily”.

A

the middle voice

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Q

In which voice is the subject pictured as being acted upon?

A

the passive voice

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Q

Which of the three voices is the normal or “unmarked” voice in Greek (both by frequency and emphasis)?

A

the active voice

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Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

The Pepsi tastes good.

A

Middle voice

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Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

She is being cooked in a Trolloc’s pot.

A

Passive voice

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Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

I drink a diet Pepsi.

A

Active voice

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Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

I put on my shoes.

A

Middle voice

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Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

You tie shoes better than I do.

A

Active voice

Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

The boat ties to the dock.

A

Middle voice

Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

She has been tied to the railroad tracks.

A

Passive voice

Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

The motorcycle rides like a dream.

A

Middle voice

Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

I ride a motorcycle.

A

Active voice

Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

The motorcycle will be ridden when the weather improves.

A

Passive voice

Q

Which voice is expressed by the verb in the following sentence?

He ties his shoes with double knots.

A

Middle voice

Name the seven tenses of Greek verbs.

``` present future imperfect aorist perfect pluperfect future perfect ```

Which tenses are known as primary (or principal) tenses?

present future perfect future perfect

Which tenses are also called the secondary (or historical) tenses?

imperfect aorist pluperfect

What do we call verbs like: "will, have, be, should, or would" when used with another verb in composite tenses?

auxiliary verbs

How many auxiliary verbs does Koine Greek have?

only 1

Name and describe the three categories of aspect in Greek.

Imperfective aspect: focuses on the process or duration of the action I was loving, I am loving, I will be loving Perfective aspect: focuses on the state or condition resulting from a completed action. I had loved, I have loved, I will have loved Aoristic aspect: focuses on the verbal idea in its entirety, without commenting upon either the process or the abiding results of the action I loved, I love, I will love

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? I jump

Present tense, active voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? It will have been accomplished

Future Perfect tense, Passive voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? It was accomplished

Aorist tense, Passive voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? I was jumping

Imperfect tense, Active voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? It had been accomplished

Pluperfect tense, Passive voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? I will jump

Future tense, Active voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? I have jumped

Perfect tense, Active voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? It has been accomplished

Perfect tense, Passive voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? I will have jumped

Future Perfect tense, Active voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? I had jumped

Pluperfect tense, Active voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? It was being accomplished

Imperfect tense, Passive voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? I jumped

Aorist tense, Active voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? It will be accomplished

Future tense, Passive voice

Which tense and voice are expressed in the following? It is being accomplished

Present tense, Passive voice