birth parturition Flashcards
1
Q
birth
A
- expulsion of foetus
- 9 months after
2
Q
what is distinctive about birth in humans?
A
- born at a relatively immature and very helpless stage
- process of becoming bipedal, pelvis narrowed, therefore babies more undeveloped
- larger brain
- headfirst
3
Q
how does birth occur?
A
- head facing cervix
- high levels of oestrogen cause hypophysis to release oxytocin
4
Q
dilation of cervix
A
- myometrium starts contracting
- forces amnion and foetus towards cervix
- cervix dilates
- amnion breaks, amniotic fluid passes through birth canal
5
Q
delivery of the baby
A
- baby pushed out through the vagina
- umbilical cord is tied and cut
6
Q
passage
A
- flat bones of baby’s head are separated by connective tissue
- baby’s head can mould to fit through canal
7
Q
expulsion of placenta
A
- after delivery
- placenta and umbilical cord come away from uterine wall
- afterbirth occurs as a result of uterine contractions
8
Q
birth options
A
- vaginal
- cesarean section : cutting open abdomen
9
Q
mammary glands
A
- produce milk for the child
- milk-secreting glands
10
Q
what is lactation?
A
- oestrogen and progesterone stimulate production of milk glands and ducts
- prolactin stimulates milk production
- oxytocin from hypothalamus causes the flow of milk
- contains antibodies
- contains nutrients
- cheap and easy
