Bipolar and Depressive Disorders

Question 1

Describe the diagnostic criteria of a manic episode

Answer 1

• Distinct period of abnormally and persistent excessive, expansive, irritable mood and goal directed activity for 1 week
• 3 or more of: Inflated self esteem/grandiosity, lessened need for sleep, increased talkativeness, flight of thoughts, distractibility, increased goal-directed activities or psychomotor agitation, excessive involvement in pleasurable activities with high potential for negative consequences
• marked impairment in functioning requires hospitalisation or psychotic features

Question 2

What is the difference between a manic and hypomanic episode?

Answer 2

Hypomanic has many features of manic but less severe

• only last 4 consecutive days
• associated with unequivocal change in function that is uncharacteristic
• not severe enough to cause marked impairment in social or occupational functioning/hospitalisation/psychotic features

Question 3

Describe the diagnostic criteria for a major depressive episode

Answer 3

A) 5 or more in 2 weeks, 1 + 2 compulsory
- depressed mood
- ffa interest or pleasure
- weight loss
- hypo/insomnia
- psychomotor agitation or retardation
- fatigue
- guilt/worthlessness
- diminished ability to concentrate
- thoughts of death/suicidality
B) clinically sig distress or impairment in functioning
C) Not attributed...

Question 4

Describe the differences between bipolar 1 and 2

Answer 4

Bipolar 1: Most recent episode : manic, hypomanic, depressed, unspecified
Bipolar 2: One or more major depressives, accompanied by at least one hypo, never been a manic

Question 5

Describe cyclothymic disorder

Answer 5

• mild form of bipolar
• hypomanic/depressive symptoms but do not meet episodes
• 2 yr period, not without symptoms for 2 months
• MDE, manic, hypomanic never met

Question 6

Name a common standard medication for bipolar, and some of its side effects

Answer 6

lithium, weight gain, nausea, impaired coordination, memory probs,

Question 7

LIst the diagnostic criteria for disruptive mood dysregulation

Answer 7

a) severe recurrent out of proportion mood outbursts
b) outburst inconsistant with development level
c) 3/4 times a week
d) mood between outbursts is angry or irritable most of the day, nearly every day
e) a-d present 12 months
f) a and d in 2 settings
g) not before 6 yrs or after 18
h) a-e before 10 yrs
I) never manic or hypomanic
j) not exclusively during MDD or better accounted for

Question 8

Describe the Catecholamine Hypothesis

Answer 8

excess catecholamine (esp norepinephrine) causes mania, and too little causes depression

Question 9

Describe the indolamine hypothesis

Answer 9

decrease in serotonin liked to depression