Bipolar Flashcards
What is mania?
period of abnormal or persistent mood and increased goal activity for at least a week
What are the symptoms of mania?
inflated self-esteem, no need for sleep, distractibility, excessive involvement in activities
What are the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia?
at least one manic episode, one hypomanic and one depressive episode, not better explained by another disorder
What is hypomania?
mood disturbances and impairment to functioning for only 4 consecutive days
What percentage of the population does bipolar affect?
0.4%
What is bipolar comorbid with?
migraines, ADHD, substance abuse
What are the genetic risks for bipolar?
relatives 2-10 times more likely
What are the environmental risks for bipolar?
high criticism, stressful life events, expressed emotion from family
What are the cognitive risks for bipolar?
self-criticism, goal striving and perfectionism
What is the Circadian Rhythm theory?
disruption leads to elevated arousal that are appraised and the cycle can lead to mania
What is the cognitive theory?
a trigger is misinterpreted as personal meaning, these appraisals can either escalate or lower a mood
What are pharmacological treatments for bipolar?
antidepressants, antipsychotics and lithium
What are behavioural treatments for bipolar?
CBT and psychoeducation
