Biostats lesson 3 Flashcards
Measure of the likelihood of an event happening
Measures the certainty of an event
Has a minimum value of 0 or 0% pertaining to an impossible event, and a maxiumum value of 1 or 100% pertaining to a sure event
Probability
It is denoted by P(A)
Probability
Result of an observation/experiment, or the descriptor or some potential outcome
Subset of the set of all possibile outcomes of a probabilistic experiment
Event:R
Represented by uppercase lettters: A,B, C
Event
Collection of al the possible outcome in a random experiment
Denoted by omega
Sample Space
2 types of sample space
Finite sample space
Infinite sample space
Sample space with a definite no. of sample points
Eg. tossing a coin, rolling a dice
Finite Sample Space
Sample space with no definite no. of sample space
orders per day, measuring weight
Infinite sample space
Event that can never occur
Has a probability of zero 0, whereas most events have probabilities between the value of 0 and 1
null event
When 2 events are mutually exclusive, the additive rule of probability states that the probability that either of the 2 events will occus is equal to the sum of the probabilities of the indv events
Additive Rule of Probability
The insertion of 2 events read as” Both A and B” which means that both events much be met for it to count as 1 value
If either A and B are not fulfilled, this event, this intersection is not counted/valued for
Intersection
The conjunction “___” is the keyword for intersection
and
Read as: “Either A or B, or both A and B” which mens that fulfillment of only A, only B, or both A and B is accounted for
Union
The occurence that any of these events may happen in the random experiment
Union
The conjunction “___” is the keyword for union
or
Read as: “Not A” which means that the non-fulfillment or the converse/opposite event of A is the trigger for this operation
Would list the sample points inn the sample space that are not part of the event
Complement
The area between the rectangle box represents all the outcomes called _____
sample space
What is P(A)
Probability of even A
Expressed as P(A|B) wherein the probability of event A is influenced by the existence of event B
Conditional Probability
States that the probability that two events A and B will both occur is equal to the probability of B multiplied by the conditional probability of A given that B has already occured
Multiplicative Rule of Probability
A fundamental rule relating marginal probabilities to conditional probabilities
Total Probability
Total probability of an outcome which can be realized via several distinct ecents
Total Probability
Set of events that all amount to the sum of 1
Exhaustive
The multiplicative rule of probability states that the probability that two events A and B will both occur is equal to the probability of B multiplied by the conditional probability of A given that B has already occured
Total Probability Rule
A function wherein you want to compare the probability of occurence of an event between two groups
Relative Risk(RR)
If an event takes place with probability p, then the odds in favor of the event are the probability that the event will occur divided by the probability the event will not occur or p/(1-p) to 1
Odds Ratio
