Biopsychology - Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The CNS consists of…

A

The brain and spinal chord

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2
Q

What are the two main functions of the CNS?

A

Control of behaviour and the regulation of the body’s physiological processes

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3
Q

What is the brain divided into?

A

4 main areas

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4
Q

What does the cerebrum look like?

A

It has 4 lobes and is split down the middle into two hemispheres

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5
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

Motor skills, balance and muscle coordination

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6
Q

The diencephalon contains…

A

The thalamus and hypothalamus

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7
Q

What does the thalamus regulate?

A

Consciousness, sleep and alertness

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8
Q

What does the brain stem regulate?

A

Breathing and heart rate

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9
Q

What is the spinal chord and it’s function?

A

An extension of the brain that relays messages between the brain and the rest of the body

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10
Q

The PNS consists of…

A

The nervous system throughout the rest of the body

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11
Q

What is a neuron?

A

A nerve cell

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12
Q

What does the PNS do?

A

It transmits messages via neurons to and from the CNS

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13
Q

How many divisions does the PNS have and what are they?

A

It has 2 divisions:
• Somatic nervous system
• Autonomic nervous system

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14
Q

What does the ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) do?

A

Controls smooth muscles and internal organs and glands of the body

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15
Q

What is the ANS controlled by?

A

The brain stem

It is involuntary

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16
Q

The ANS involves…

A

Motor pathways only

17
Q

Why is the ANS automatic and unconscious?

A

It regulates itself and is responsible for digestion, heart rate and breathing

18
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the ANS?

A

‘Sympathetic Nervous System’ and the ‘Parasympathetic Nervous System’

19
Q

The Sympathetic Nervous System is activated when…

A

…a person is stressed

20
Q

What happens when a person is stressed?

A
  • Heart rate and breathing increases
  • Digestion stops
  • Salivation reduces
  • Pupils dilate • Flow of blood is diverted away from the skin’s surface

• Fight or flight response activated

21
Q

The Parasympathetic Nervous System is activated when…

A

…a person is relaxing and therefore conserving energy

22
Q

What happens when the body is relaxing?

A
  • Heart rate and breathing reduce
  • Digestion starts
  • Salivation increases
  • Pupils constrict
23
Q

What does the hypothalamus regulate?

A

Body temperature, stress response and hunger and thirst

24
Q

What does the somatic nervous system control?

A

Voluntary movements and skeletal muscles

25
What is the somatic nervous system controlled by?
The motor cortex It is under conscious control
26
What pathways does the somatic nervous system have?
Sensory AND motor pathways