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PN Year 13 - F Block > Biopsychology: Circadian Rhythm 2024 - 2025 > Flashcards

Biopsychology: Circadian Rhythm 2024 - 2025 Flashcards

1
Q

Key Term Focus

What two things are biological rhythms controlled by?

These are essential key terms

A
  • Endogenous pacemakers
  • Exogenous zeitgebers

These are essential key terms

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2
Q

Key Term Focus

What is meant by an endogenous pacemaker?

A

Internal body clock

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3
Q

Key Term Focus

What is meant by exogenous zeitgebers?

A

External factors in the environment

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4
Q

Key Term Focus

What is the difference between an endogenous pacemaker and an exogenous zeitgeber?

A
  • Endogenous pacemaker = internal body clock

WHEREAS

  • Exogenous zeitgeber = external factor in environment
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5
Q

Key Term Focus

What is a circadian rhythm?

A

A cycle that lasts for 24 hours

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6
Q

AO1 Focus

What is an example of a circadian rhythm?

A

The sleep wake cycle

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7
Q

AO1 Focus

What is an example of a cycle that lasts for 24 hours?

A

The sleep wake cycle

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8
Q

AO1 Focus

What is the main endogenous pacemaker involved in the sleep wake cycle?

A

Suprachiasatic Nucleus
(SCN)

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9
Q

AO1 Focus

What is the main biological structure involved in maintaining the sleep wake cycle?

A

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
(SCN)

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10
Q

AO1 Focus

What is the main exogenous zeitgeber involved in influencing our sleep wake cycle?

A

Light

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11
Q

AO1 Focus

What is the main external factor which influences our sleep wake cycle?

A

Light

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12
Q

AO1 Focus

Which gland is stimulated to release melotonin?

Remember the endocrine system

A

Pineal gland

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13
Q

AO1 Focus

What causes the pineal gland to become stimulated?

A

Less light is received by the retina

Remember melotonin promotes sleep - we get ‘sleepy’ when it’s dark = less light

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14
Q

AO1 Focus

What happens when our retina’s detect light again after sleeping?

A

Suprachiasmatic nucleus is reset

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15
Q

AO1 Focus

How does the SCN ‘resetting’ affect the pineal gland?

A

Inhibits (stops) release of melotonin

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16
Q

AO2 Focus

Name 3 negative consequences of our sleep wake cycle being disrupted

A
  • Difficulty in sleeping
  • Decreased attention
  • Digestive problems
  • Tiredness and poorer reasoning skils
  • Increased anxiety and irritability

Realistically, you will only need to know 2-3 of these for the exam

17
Q

AO2 Focus

Provide two examples of how our sleep wake cycle can become disrupted

A
  • Jet lag
  • Night shift work
18
Q

AO2 Focus

Give 3 examples of how we could maintain our sleep wake cycle?

A
  • Keep to local times for eating
  • Keep to local times for sleeping
  • Being social and active
  • Using black out curtains
  • Not using phones late at night

Again, realistically for the exam you would only need to know 2-3 of these

19
Q

AO3 Focus

What was DeCoursey’s procedure?

This will form the first E of your PEEL

A

Destroyed te SCN in the brains of 30 chipmunks who were then returned to their natural habitat and observed

This will form the first E of your PEEL

20
Q

AO3 Focus

What was DeCoursey’s finding?

This will form the second E of your PEEL

A

A significant portion of the chipmunks had been killed by predators.

This will form the second E of your PEEL

21
Q

AO3 Focus

What does DeCoursey’s research show?

This will form part of your Link in your PEEL

A

That endogenous pacemakers are important in maintaining circadian rhythms

This will form part of your Link in your PEEL

22
Q
A
23
Q

DISCUSSION Focus

How can DeCoursey’s research be criticised?

This can be used as a follow up PEEL

A

Animal bias

This can be used as a follow up PEEL

24
Q

DISCUSSION Focus

Why is DeCoursey’s research unable to be generlaised to females?

This can be used as a follow up PEEL

A

Humans may have a more complex interaction between endogenous pacemakers and exogenous zeitgebers

This can be used as a follow up PEEL

25
Q

AO3 Focus

What was Siffre’s procedure?

This will be your first E of your PEEL

A

He lived in a cave isolated from all exogenous zeitgebers for 6 months

This will be your first E of your PEEL

26
Q

AO3 Focus

What did Siffre find within a few days of his study?

This will be your second E of your PEEL

A

He developed a consistent 25-hour cycle and continued to fall asleep and wake up on a regular basis

This will be your second E of your PEEL

27
Q

AO3 Focus

What does Siffre’s research show

*This will be part of the Link of your PEEL

A

The sleep wake cycle is mostly controlled by endogenous pacements

*This will be part of the Link of your PEEL

28
Q

DISCUSSION Focus

How can Siffre’s research can be criticised?

This can be used as a follow up PEEL

A

Lacking ecological validity

This can be used as a follow up PEEL

PN Year 13 - F Block (31 decks)

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