Biopsych Flashcards
Nervous system pic
Nervous system pic
Central Nervous System
Controls life function and psychological processes e.g emotion and movement
Peripheral Nervous System
Transmits info to and from central nervous system
Brain
Regulates bodily function and higher psychological processes ( thinking & emotion)
Spinal Cord
Transmits info between brain and peripheral nervous system
Autonomic Nervous System
Responsible for vital functions like breathing & heart rate
Somatic Nervous System
Directs voluntary movements e.g walking
Sympathetic Nervous System
Fight or Flight
Increase bodily function in response to stress to give adaptive advantage
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Rest & Digest
Decrease bodily function to relax and recover
Endocrine System
System of glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream to regulate bodily function
Fight or Flight
Survival mechanism increasing bodily function to allow increased survivability in life threatening situation
Stages of fight or flight
- Body senses stressor
- Hypothalamus triggers increased levels of activity
3.adrenaline released from adrenal medulla in adrenal glands
4.Fight or flight response
5.Stressor dealt with, hypothalamus triggers less activity (rest and digest)
Sympathetic response
Increased HR & BR
Rectum contract
Pupil dilate
Inhibit saliva and digestion
Sweat production
Parasympathetic Response
Pupils restrict
Decrease HR & BR
Rectum relax
Stimulates digestion & saliva
AO3 : Fight or Flight
• Ignores freeze response. Over simplified. Consider all 3
• Ignore gender differences. Females follow more “tend and befriend” beta bias
• Ignores positive response to stress. Dawans et al, acute stress leads to greater cooperation (fire fighters). Oversimplified
• Physical consequences. Lead to damage of blood vessels or heart disease. Dangerous impact on body
Adrenaline from
Parathormone (calcium in blood)
Oxytocin is from
Testosterone
Oestrogen
Thyroxine(regulate metabolism)
Melatonin
Adrenal Gland
Parathyroid
Pituitary
Testies
Ovaries
Thyroid
Pineal
Hypothalamus
Connected to pituitary. Controls release of hormones from pituitary
Pituitary gland
Master gland. Releases hormones that control other glands
What is a neuron?
Chemical and electrical messenger for the nervous system
Structure of neurons
•N,D,A,M,NoR,T
Nucleus: Contains genetic information
Dendrites: Branch structure carries nerve impulses
Axon: Carries impulses from cell body down neuron
Myelin Sheath: Fatty layer protects neuron and speeds up transmittion
Nodes of Ranvier: Gap between myelin sheaths speed up transmittion
Terminal Buttons: End of axon, communicates with next neuron
The 3 types of nerve cell
Sensory, relay and motor
Sensory neuron
Carry nerve impulses from receptors to brain and spine
Found usually in sensory organs
Long dendrites and short axons
Cell body coms off of axon
Relay neuron
Found between sensory and motor to connect input and output
Allow sensory and motor to communicate
Short dendrites and short or long axon
Motor neuron
Neurons in CNS. Project axons outside the CNS.
Control muscles
Short dendrites and long axons
Release neurotransmitters through synapses to contract muscle
Synaptic Transmittion
Chemical impulses between neurons
Chemical impulse
Chemical that crosses synapse between neurons