BioMed Day 2 - HB KIM Flashcards
What is the marker that is the standard for diagnosing pregnancy?
Hcg: human chorionic gonadotropin
Where in the body is the HcG hormone created?
The placenta
What test is used to confirm intrauterine pregnancy? The gestational sac is visible by ______ weeks of gestational age.
Ultrasound, five
HCG in an ectopic pregnancy rises slower/faster than a normal pregnancy?
slower
Temporal arteritis (inflammation of the arteries) is also known as ______ _______ _______.
Giant cell arteritis
Symptoms of temporal arteritis/GCA are…
headache, scalp tenderness, jaw pain and blindness (in one eye)
A 65 year old female patient presents with a right side headache with scalp pain. She reports pain in the jaw when she is chewing, fever, fatigue, recent weight loss, decreased visual acuity of the right eye, and double vision. She reports temporal tenderness with light pressure. What is her diagnosis?
A. Migraine
B. Stroke
C. Bell’s Palsy
D. Temporal Arteritis
D. Temporal Arteritis
risk factors:
woman, over 50, polymyalgia rheumatica
What is the best way to confirm the diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis?
A. Complete blood count
B. Basic metabolic panel
C. Temporal artery biopsy
D. CT scan of the head
C. Temporal artery biopsy
What medication must be administered immediately to prevent blindness in Giant Cell Arteritis?
A. Sildenafil
B. Prednisone
C. Tylenol
D. Artificial tears
B. Prednisone
This helps decrease the inflammation to prevent blindness
A 70 year old male presents with weight loss, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness, and significant loss of appetite. What is the diagnosis?
A. Iron defiency anemia
B. Lactose intolerance
C. Cachexia
D. Osteoporosis
C. Cachexia
Cachexia is a wasting disorder characterized by extreme weight loss, muscle wasting, and loss of body fat. It typically occurs in the late stage of serious conditions such as COPD and cancer.
What are the main causes of Cachexia?
- Cancer (the most frequent cause)
- Chronic heart failure
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- COPD
- Dementia
What are the main risk factors for Morton’s neuroma?
- Middle aged woman
- History of wearing narrow toe shoes
What is the main test to deturmine Morton’s neuroma?
Mulder’s sign.
Put pressure between the metatarsals of the 3rd and 4th digits of the foot and if you feel a click or the numbness/tingling gets worse, it’s a positive sign.
What diagnostic tool is used to confirm Morton’s neuroma?
Ultrasound
CAGE is a simple screening tool to to help diagnose _________.
Alcoholism
C - Have you ever felt that you should CUT down on your drinking?
A - Have people ANNOYED you by criticizing your drinking?
G - Have you ever felt GUILTY about your drinking?
E - Have you ever had a drink the first thing in the morning (EYE OPENER)?
What are the symptoms of alochol withdrawl?
tremor, tachycardia, hypertension, malaise, nausea, seizures, delirium, agitation
A 30 year old male was brought into the ER with severe abdominal pain and vomiting for two days. He presents with agitation, global confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, fever, and profuse sweating. His family reports alcoholism for 20 years. He went to a rehab center three days ago. On examination the pulse was 136 bpm and BP was 160/90. Respiratory rate was 40 breaths/min. He also presents with jaundice with a dry tongue. He most likely suffers from:
A. Delirium tremens
B. Myxedema coma
C. Thyroid storm
D. Hypertensive Emergency
A. Delirium tremens
Typical alcohol withdrawl timeframe:
12 hours = tremor
12-24 hours = seizure
24-48 hours = delirium tremens
___________ may be used to diagnose bladder cancer.
Cystoscopy
Sx of bladder cancer:
- Blood in urine (hematuria), which may cause urine to appear bright red or cola colored
- Frequent urination
- Painful urination
- Back pain
- Weak urine stream
Typical of patients over 50
Urodynamic testing is suitable for:
A: bladder cancer
B: acute kidney injury
C: chronic kidney injury
D: urinary incontinence
D: urinary incontinence
Urodynamic tests see how well your urinary tract, especially your bladder, urethra, and sphincters, functions. Often, these tests measure how well your bladder can hold and then release urine.
What are 3 main chronic medical diagnosis behind organic erectile dysfunction?
Diabetes
Hypertension
Ischemic heart disease
Onset is gradual with psychogenic ED is sudden and doesnt
If the client is suffering from ED but has an early morning erection, do they have psychogenic ED or organic ED?
Psychogenic
If a client is suffering from ED and their ability to maintain an erection comes and goes, do they have psychogenic ED or organic ED?
Psychogenic
If a client is suffering from ED and it was a gradual onset, and they are completely unable to maintain an erection, do they have psychogenic ED or organic ED?
Organic
What part of the autonomic nervous system mediates ejaculation?
Sympathetic
Point and shoot
Parasympathetic gets erections going
Sympathetic shoots the ejaculation
Which ED drug is contraindicated while taking Sildenafil/Viagra?
Nitrates
The combination of Sildenafil/Viagra with Nitrates will cause severe hypertension and possible death.
