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Biomechanics > Biomechanics Quiz 9 > Flashcards

Biomechanics Quiz 9 Flashcards

1
Q

Glenohumeral (GH) Joint is comprised of what parts?

A

Large convex humerusand shallow concave glenoid fossa

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2
Q

The Glenohumeral (GH) Joint capsule is how many times the size of the humeral head (loose fitting)

A

twice the size

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3
Q

What tissues stabilize the GH joint?

A
  1. joint capsule and capsular ligaments (GH – sup, mid, inf)
  2. Coracohumeralligament
  3. rotator cuff muscles
  4. long head of biceps brachii
  5. glenoid labrum (50% depth of glenoid fossa)
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4
Q

glenoid labrum makes up what % of the overall depth of the glenoid fossa?

A

50%

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5
Q

What are the joint capsule and capsular ligaments

A

GH ligament: sup, mid, inf

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6
Q

What are the parts of the glenoid fossa?

A
  1. biceps tendon
  2. glenoid labrum
  3. glenoid fossa
  4. head of humerus
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7
Q

(GH joint kinematics) what is the anatomic position of the GH joint in degrees?

A

0* / neutral position

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8
Q

The GH joint is what kind of planar?

A

tri-planar

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9
Q

Tri-Planar of the GH joint specifies what axes?

A

Ab / Adduction
Flex / Extension
Int / External Rotation

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10
Q

All purposeful motion of the GH joint involves movements at what joints?

A

SC and AC joints

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11
Q

(GH joint kinematics)

Abduction requires what plane of motion about the A/P axis

A

frontal plane

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12
Q

Normal abduction at GH joint is how many degrees?

A

120*

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13
Q

Full abduction of the shoulder requires what degrees of upward rotation of the scapula

A

50*

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14
Q

The the GH joint is in abduction, the convex humeral head does what?

A

rolls superior and slides inferior

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15
Q

GH joint in adduction – the convex humeral head does what?

A

(opposite of abduction) slides superior and rolls inferior

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16
Q

(GH kinematics)

In GH flexion, the sagittal plan motion moves about what axis?

A

M/L

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17
Q

In GH flexion, what is normal degrees of flexion?

A

120*

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18
Q

Full flexion requires how many degrees of upward rotation and of what joint?

A

180* upward rotation of the scapulothoracic joint

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19
Q

GH extension normal extension is what degrees?

A

65* active extension

and 80* passive extension

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20
Q

(GH kinematics)

GH external rotation is transverse plane motion about what axis?

A

vertical axis?

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21
Q

Normal GH external rotation is what degrees?

A

65-75* (when in neutral position)

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22
Q

Normal internal rotation is what degrees?

A

75-80*

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23
Q

What is the source of GH-joint stability

A

rotator cuff

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24
Q

out of 26 muscles controlling shoulder, only how many play a roll in dynamic joint stability

A

4 muscles

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25
Q

What are the 4 parts of rotator cuff?

A
  1. supraspinatus
  2. infraspinatus
  3. teres minor
  4. teres major
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26
Q

Muscles that flex:

A

primary muscles:

anterior deltoid, long head biceps brachii, coracobrachilis

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27
Q

Muscles that Adduct or Extend

A

posterior deltoid, lat. dorsi, teresmajor, long head triceps brachia

28
Q

Muscles that Interally Rotate

A

subscapularis, anterior deltoid, pectoralismajor, lat. dorsi, trees major

29
Q

Muscles that Exterally Rotate

A

infraspinatus, teresminor, posterior deltoid

30
Q

The elbow is made up how many bones and how many joints?

A

3 bones

4 joints

31
Q

What are the 4 joints of the elbow?

A
  1. proximal radio-ulnarjoint
  2. distal radio-ulnarjoint
  3. humero-ulnarjoint
  4. humeroradial joint
32
Q

Humero-ulnarJoint moves on what axis?

A

M/L axis

33
Q

M/L axis passes through the vicinity of what?

A

lateral epicondyle

34
Q

Tilted superior from M to L due to

A

medical lip of trochlea

35
Q

The normal cubital valgus of the M/L humeri-ulnar joint is how many degrees?

A

13*

36
Q

Excessive cubitus valgus is how many degrees?

A

20*

37
Q

Cubitus valgus of HM joint is how many degrees?

A

0* or negative*

38
Q

(arthrology)

articular capsule encloses what 4 joints

A
  1. humeri-ulnar
  2. humeroradial
    3+4. proximal radio-ulnarjoints
39
Q

The anterior band of the medial collateral ligament is strongest when?

A

taut with valgus and sagittal plane

40
Q

The posterior band of the medial collateral ligament is less defined when?

A

taut with valgus and extreme flexion

41
Q

The transverse band of the medial collateral ligament is on same bone when?

A

poorly developed

42
Q

dynamic medial stabilizers

A

proximal fibers of wrist flexors and pronators

43
Q

The proximal attachment site of the Humero-ulnar is the medial collateral ligaments / ulnar collateral ligament (same thing) – what are the 3 parts?

A
  1. anterior
  2. posterior
  3. transverse
44
Q

The angular ligament secures what 2 parts of the elbow?

A

the radial head to ulna

45
Q

What does elbow flexion serve humans daily?

A

feeding, grooming, lifting

46
Q

What does elbow extension serve humans daily?

A

throwing, pushing, reaching

47
Q

elbow extension is limited due to what?

A

flexion contracture

48
Q

Maximal Range of Passive Motion

A

-5°to 145° flexion

49
Q

What is the functional range of motion of the elbow?

A

30-130*

50
Q

the medial epicondyle contains what ?

A

wrist and finger flexors

51
Q

the lateral epicondyle contains what?

A

wrist and finger extensors

52
Q

the HM joint is for flex/ext on what axis?

A

M/L

53
Q

Proximal and Distal Radio-Ulnar Joints anatomic position:

A

bones parallel

54
Q

The ulna is stationary during what type of actions?

A

pronation and supination

55
Q

In supination, the radius and ulna are in what position?

A

parallel

56
Q

In pronation, what is the radius’ position?

A

rotates over ulna

57
Q

The proximal radio-ulnar joint is made up of what cartilage?

A

fibrocartilage

58
Q

The fiber-osseous ring is comprised of what % of?

A

75% annular ligaments

25% radial notch of ulna

59
Q

annular ligament: internal circumference is lined with what?

A

cartilage

60
Q

Distal Radio-UlnarJoint: convex head of ulna articular how?

A

with shallow ulnar notch on radius and articular disc

61
Q

The distal-radial ulnar joint is made up of what cartilage?

A

hyaline cartilage

62
Q

The distal-radial ulnar joint is what type of joint?

A

synovial joint

63
Q

Pronation and Supination Requires what simultaneous movement:

A

proximal and distal radio-ulnarjoints AND adjacent humeroradialjoint

64
Q

Neutral Position of radial-ulnar joint?

A

“thumb-up”

65
Q

ROM of radial-ulnar joint? in degrees

A

pronation: 75*
supination: 85*

66
Q

Functional Arc (“excursion”)of radial-ulnar joint? in degrees

A

100* overall at least

67
Q

Humeroradial Joint - the fovea spins on what type parts of elbow?

A
  1. radial head

2. capitulum of humerus

Biomechanics (10 decks)

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