Biomechanics- motion

Question 1

Biomechanics

Answer 1

The study of motion and the effects of forces relative to the body.

Answer 2

1. Technique
2. Injury reduction
3. Modification of sports equipment. E.g. Junior size equipment made lighter and easier to use
4. Technological development of equipment and analysis
   E.g. Bowling machine in cricket
   E.g. Video /App’s /Watchs/GPS

Question 3

Observing & Analysing Movement

Answer 3

Preparation
Observation
Evaluation
Intervention

Question 4

Preparation

Answer 4

a coach needs to have an understanding of the purpose & requirements of the skill and what the ‘perfect’ performance looks like.

Question 5

Observation

Answer 5

decide on: The most appropriate viewing angle. Method for observation – coach/peer or video recording

Question 6

Evaluation

Answer 6

identification of strong and weak aspects of the performance. Compare what you have observed to the ‘perfect’ model Compare with peers / opposition

Question 7

Intervention

Answer 7

Provide feedback & correction strategies. Communicating is important, Instructions should be clear and demonstrated. Performer should be given time to practice skill using the points of intervention

Question 8

Phases of a skill

Answer 8

Preparation (Before)
Execution (During)
Completion (Follow through)

Question 9

Linear motion

Answer 9

Takes place through linear pathway, either in a curved line (curvilinear)
Ball when it follows a parabolic pathway moves in a curvilinear motion. Eg Volleyball Serve
a ski jumper moving through the air in the glide phase
or a straight line (straight line motion)
Definition: All body parts travel in the same direction at the same speed.
E.g. An ice skater gliding after
they completed a race
(straight line motion),

Question 10

Angular motion

Answer 10

Takes place when object turns about an axis of rotation
All body parts travel through the same angle, in the same direction, in the same time
angular motion can take place around 3 different axis of rotation: Medial axis (cart wheel), Longitudinal axis – (ice skater spin), Horizontal (somersault)

Question 11

General motion

Answer 11

Combination of linear and angular motion. Human movement usually consists of general motion rather than pure linear motion or angular motion. E.g. a cyclist may move in a straight line as a result of the rotation of the legs about the hip joint

Question 12

Velocity

Answer 12

Speed in a given direction. Obtained by dividing displacement by time taken. An athlete runs 400m in 80 seconds in lane 1 of an athletics track – starts and finishes at the same spot – displacement =0.

Question 13

Acceleration

Answer 13

Rate at which the velocity of a body changes with respect to time.
Positive acceleration: Velocity is increasing
Negative acceleration (retardation): Velocity is decreasing
Zero acceleration: No change in velocity

Question 14

Angular displacement

Answer 14

Represents the difference in the angle between the start and end position of the body. In this example, the child starts 50 deg from where she finished so her displacement is 50 deg.

Question 15

Angular distance

Answer 15

Represents the sum of all angles as a body moves from its start position to its end position.