Biomechanics lecture 1 Flashcards
Weight bearing
Straight and vertical bones
Propulsion
Angulated bones, compressed joints and a flexible spine
Kinetics
Study of the action of forces associated with motion
Kinematics
The appearance of movement
Abduction
Movement away from midline body
Adduction
Movement towards midline body
When walking forelegs forward
Stance phase retraction, swing phase protection
When walking forelegs backing up
Stance phase protraction, swing phase retraction
Lateroflexion
Bending of the spine
Speed
When speed increases the stride, length is correlated with the strength and frequency
Increase of speed
The amplitude of the steps become larger and the duration of the limb cycle is reduced
Three main types of joints
- Fibrous
- Cartilaginous
- Synovial
Fibrous
No movement in these joints
Cartilaginous
- Connected by cartilage
- Little movement
Synovial
Ball and socket joint and hinge joints
Cartilage
- Spread load, decreases friction
- Invisible at radiographs
Synovial fluid
-Lubricant for the joint and nutrition for cartilage made in the synovial membrane
The distal limb
- Fetlock joint is hinge joint
- The joint surfaces of pastern and coffin allows sideway movement
Postional tendons
Keeo muscles and bones in position
Elactic tendons
Important for the movement
