Biomechanics Flashcards
What is biomechanics?
Science concerned with internal and external forces acting on the body
What is force?
Influence applied by one object to another, accelerates or decelerates the second object.
What is torque?
A force that produces rotation
What is a lever and what are the 3 classes.
A rigid “bar” that rotates around a stationary fulcrum.
1st class: fulcrum in the middle (nodding head)
2nd class: resistance in the middle (calf raise)
3rd class: effort in the middle (bicep curl) most common in human limbs
Anatomic location:
Superior
Inferior
Above a point of reference
Below a point of reference
Anatomic location:
Proximal
Distal
Nearest to a point of reference
Farthest from a point of reference
Anatomic location:
Anterior
Posterior
Front of the body
Back of the body
Anatomic location:
Medial
Lateral
Closer to the midline
Farther from the midline
Anatomic location:
Contralateral
Ipsilateral
On the opposite side of the body
On the same side of the body
What are the three planes of motion?
- saggital plane, frontal plane, transverse plane.
Joint motions
Flexion
Extension
Bending movement, Decreases relative angle between segments
Straightening movement, Increases relative angle between segments
Joint motions
Plantar flexion
Dorsi flexion
Extension At the ankle
Flexion at the ankle
Joint motion
Abduction
Adduction
Horizontal abduction
Movement away from the body
Movement towards the body
Transverse plane arm movement From anterior to lateral (e.g chest flies)
Joint motion
Internal Rotation
External rotation
Rotation Toward the midline
Rotation away from the midline
