Biomechanics 1

Question 1

The study of the structure and functions of biological systems by means of the methods of mechanics

Answer 1

Biomechanics

Question 2

Purpose of biomech studies

Answer 2

to apply therapeutics and medical tech pertaining to human body

Question 3

study of physical actions of forces

Answer 3

mechanics

Question 4

mechanics consist of?

Answer 4

statics and dynamics

Question 5

study of systems that are in a constant state of motion, whether at rest with no motion or moving at a constant velocity without acceleration; involves all forces acting on the body being in balance resulting in the body being in equilibrium

Answer 5

biomechanics

Question 6

study of systems in motion w/acceleration; involves a system in acceleration being unbalanced due to unequal forces acting on the body

Answer 6

dynamics

Question 7

scalar quantity

Answer 7

has only magnitude. ex: length, area, volume…etc

Question 8

vector quantity

Answer 8

has both magnitude and direction, ex: velocity, acceleration..etc.

Question 9

Vector/physical quantity w/c causes or tends to cause a change in the motion or shape of a body

Answer 9

force

Question 10

properties of force

Answer 10

• magnitude
• direction
• point of application
• line of action

Question 11

force that presses the ends of bones together and is produced by muscles, weight bearing, gravity, or some external loading down the length of the bone

Answer 11

compressive force

Question 12

pulling force that creates tension in the object/body and tends to lengthen and narrow; muscle is usually the source

Answer 12

tensile force

Question 13

Stress that arises from the force vector component parallel to the cross section

Answer 13

shear stress

Question 14

Stress that arises from the force vector component perpendicular to the cross section

Answer 14

normal stress

Question 15

load per cross sectional area

Answer 15

stress

Question 16

deformation w/ respect to the original length

Answer 16

strain

Question 17

strain that changes in length

Answer 17

normal strain

Question 18

strain that changes in angle

Answer 18

shear strain

Question 19

measure of the quantity of matter

Answer 19

mass

Question 20

measure of force (pull of gravity on mass)

Answer 20

weight

Question 21

defined as a body or objects resistance to a change in motion

Answer 21

inertia

Question 22

1st law of motion (inertia)

Answer 22

a body at rest or in a uniform motion will tend to remain at rest or in motion unless acted by an external force or torque

Question 23

2nd law of motion

Answer 23

a force or torque acting on a body will produce an acceleration proportional to the force or torque (f=ma)

Question 24

3rd law of motion

Answer 24

for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction (torque and/or force)

Question 25

vector measurement, the length and direction of a line joining the initial position with the final position

Answer 25

displacement

Question 26

pressure formula

Answer 26

P= f/a

Question 27

physical principles influencing pulmonary ventilation

Answer 27

1. air flows from areas of higher to lower pressure
2. changes in volume result in changes in pressure (Boyle’s law)
3. changes in tube diameter result in changes in resistance (Pouseuille’s law)

Question 28

resistance that a fluid offers to flow when subject to a shear

Answer 28

viscosity

Question 29

Navier Stokes

Answer 29

if the fluid is incompressible, then inertia becomes and if fluid has no friction, the viscosity becomes 0