Biology Y10 Plants

Question 1

what is the organisation in plants from smallest to largest

Answer 1

specialised cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

Question 2

what parts of the plant can there be

Answer 2

stem, root, leaves, flowers, fruits

Question 3

function of stem

Answer 3

transport and support

Question 4

function of root

Answer 4

absorb water and minerals, anchorage

Question 5

function of leaves

Answer 5

photosynthesis

Question 6

function of flowers

Answer 6

enable pollination, sexual reproduction, production of seeds

Question 7

function of fruits

Answer 7

protect and disperse seeds

Question 8

layers of the leaves from top to bottom

Answer 8

waxy cuticle, upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, xylem and phloem, lower epidermis

Question 9

function of waxy cuticle

Answer 9

prevent evaporation

Question 10

features of waxy cuticle

Answer 10

shiny, waterproof

Question 11

features of upper epidermis

Answer 11

contains leaf tissue

Question 12

features of palisade mesophyll

Answer 12

made of palisade cells

Question 13

features of lower epidermis

Answer 13

contain guard cells and stomata

Question 14

function of palisade mesophyll

Answer 14

carry out photosynthesis

Question 15

what is transpiration

Answer 15

the evaporation of water from leaves

Question 16

function of transpiration

Answer 16

cool plant

Question 17

what is the process of water moving out of plants called

Answer 17

the transpiration stream

Question 18

what happens to transpiration as you increase temperature + why

Answer 18

1) increases - more kinetic energy = more evaporation
2) plateaus - max. rate reached

Question 19

what happens to transpiration as you increase humidity + why

Answer 19

1) decreases - already water on plant = less steep concentration gradient = less evaporation
2) plateaus - min. rate reached

Question 20

what happens to transpiration as you increase light intensity + why

Answer 20

1) increases - more photosynthesis = more water needed
2) plateaus - max. rate reached (transpiration or photosynthesis)

Question 21

what happens to transpiration as you increase wind speed + why

Answer 21

1) increases - less water vapour in surroundings = steeper concentration gradient = more evaporation
2) plateaus - max. rate reached

Question 22

word equation fro photosynthesis

Answer 22

water + carbon dioxide (+ energy) -> glucose + oxygen

Question 23

balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis

Answer 23

6H2O + 6CO2 (+ energy) -> C6H12O6 + 6CO2

Question 24

where do plants get water

Answer 24

from soil via roots and through xylem

Question 25

where do plants get carbon dioxide

Answer 25

from atmosphere by diffusion / through stomata

Question 26

where do plants get energy for photosynthesis

Answer 26

sunlight

Question 27

what do plants use oxygen for

Answer 27

* aerobic respiration * released through stomata

Question 28

what do plants use glucose for

Answer 28

* make **s**tarch * make **c**ellulose * make **a**mino acids * **r**espiration * store **f**ats and oils

Question 29

why is starch good

Answer 29

* insoluble - doesn't affect concentration gradient

Question 30

formula for light intensity

Answer 30

1 / (distance^2)

Question 31

control variables for photosynthesis

Answer 31

* carbon dioxide * temperature * water * chlorophyll

Question 32

how to maximise photosynthesis

Answer 32

* greenhouse - traps heat, protects * lights - increase light intensity * ventilation, shade + heater - maintain constant temperature * paraffin heater - releases carbon dioxide * water + fertiliser * (selective breeding)