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Grade 9 SCIENCE > Biology Key Terms > Flashcards

Biology Key Terms Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What converts nitrogen gas into ammonia

A

nitrogen fixation

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2
Q

Plants can absorb nitrogen directly from the air.
(T or F)

A

False

they get their nitrogen from THE SOIL

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3
Q

Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are complementary processes in the :

A

carbon cycle

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4
Q

Nutrient cycles cycle back and forth between the biotic and abiotic parts of an ecosystem.

T or F

A

True

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5
Q

28% of atmosphere’s gases is nitrogen.
T or F

A

FALSE IT’S 78%

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6
Q

The process where Nitrogen is converted to ammonia when found in animal waste and dead bodies

A

DENITRIFICATION

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7
Q

Water flows underground and forms underground lakes called:

A

aquifers

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8
Q

Sun warms surface water and water evaporates and its turns into water vapour, this is called:

A

evaporation

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9
Q

Water that falls to the Earth as rain, hail, snow, and sleet is what?

A

precipitation

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10
Q

what is water vapour that cools and condenses to form clouds?

A

condensation

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11
Q

what is condensation

A

water vapour cools, condenses to form clouds

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12
Q

precipitation?

A

Water that falls to the Earth as rain, hail, snow, and sleet is what?

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13
Q

Plants takes in water and release water through their leaves by the process of :

A

transpiration

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14
Q

transpiration

A

Plants takes in water and release water through their leaves by the process of :

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15
Q

Cellular respiration only occurs in animals.
T or F

A

false

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16
Q

Do NITRITES or NITRATES habe the ability to be absorbed into the roots of plants?

A

NITRATES

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17
Q

Animals get nitrogen by…

A

eating plants

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18
Q

Nitrogen is converted to ammonia when found in…

A

animal waste and dead bodies

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19
Q

Bacteria and fungi in soil breakdown ammonia into ____ and ____ which can be absorbed by plants

A

NITRITES and NITRATES

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20
Q

denitrifying bacteria = ______

A

found in the soil converting nitrates back into nitrogen gas to be returned to the atmosphere

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21
Q

Nitrogen fixation does what

A

converting nitrogen gas into ammonia

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22
Q

Nitrogen fixation is performed by what

A

nitrogen fixing bacteria, found mainly in root nodules of legumes

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23
Q

Atmosphere contains __% of carbon dioxide

A

0.04%

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24
Q

Biotic carbon reservoir includes

A

forest and fossil fuels

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25
Q

Abiotic carbon reservoir includes

A

oceans and rocks

26
Q

what are the two main cycles for carbon

A

photosynthesis and cellular respiration

27
Q

what is the carbon cycle important for

A

nutrient cycles and flow of energy through ecosystems

28
Q

what is the primary source of energy for Earth’s ecosystem

A

the Sun

29
Q

Plants contain what to capture sun’s energy and convert it into chemical energy

A

chlorophyll

30
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

where sunlight combines with carbon dioxide and water to great oxygen gases and glucose

31
Q

what is glucose

A

simply form of carbohydrates

32
Q

what are nitrates

A

nitrates can be absorbed into the root of plants and then animals can obtain nitrogen by eating plants

33
Q

what is producer

A

organisms that carry out photosynthesis
EXAMPLE: aquatic plants, algaeq

34
Q

what is a consumer

A

organisms that eat other organisms to gain energy bc they can’t produce own food

35
Q

primary consumer

A

they eat producers –> eat only plants

36
Q

secondary consumer

A

eat primary consumers –> robin

37
Q

tertiary consumer

A

feed on secondary consumer –> hawk or eagle eats on robin

38
Q

herbivore

A

plant eating organism

39
Q

carnivore

A

eat mostly meat

40
Q

scavenger

A

carnivores that eat remains of dead animals –> vulture

41
Q

omnivore

A

both plants and animals –> bears, raccoons, and many humans are basically too

42
Q

dertivore

A

consumers feeding on organic matter

43
Q

organic matter

A

remains of dead organisms and animal waste and plants

44
Q

prey

A

animals that hunter eats

45
Q

predator

A

animal that hunts for live animals

46
Q

decomposer

A

break down organic matter and release nutrients in the organic matter back into the ecosystem

47
Q

food chain

A

way of showing feeding relationships among organisms –> start with a producer and end with a final consumer

48
Q

food web

A

way of showing complicated feeding relationships

49
Q

energy pyramid

A

show the amount of available energy producers and consumers have as energy flows through the ecosystem

50
Q

say three ecosystem interactions

A

plants are producing carbohydrates by photosynthesis at they same time they are taking in nutrients and water from the soil

51
Q

say three ecosystem interactions

A

plants are producing carbohydrates by photosynthesis at they same time they are taking in nutrients and water from the soil

rising water levels can flood nests, preventing eggs from hatching, resulting in less food for predators

changes in one part of the ecosystem affects other parts of the ecosystem

52
Q

biotic interactions : 3 main interactions within a community

A

competition
predators
simbiosis

53
Q

niches

A

what their role is in the ecosystemq

54
Q

predation is what

A

when one organism eats another

55
Q

prey usually are adapted to avoid

A

being eaten

56
Q

what are ways prey avoid being eaten

A

outrun
camouflage
taste repulsive
warning colors
mimicry

57
Q

what is symbiosis

A

close interaction between 2 different species

58
Q

what are the three types of symbiosis

A

mutualism
commensalism
parasitism

59
Q

limiting factors

A

limit the number of organism in ecosystem

60
Q

abiotic limiting factors (list three)

A

amount of sunlight, water, soil +what’s in them

natural disturbances - storms, fires, drought (limit population + growth)

human disturbances - logging, new subdivisions, fire

61
Q

biotic limiting factors

A

competition among organisms for resources

presence of predators

reliance on other organisms for survival

presence of disease

62
Q

cellular respiration =

A

converting glucose into a usable form of energy

Grade 9 SCIENCE (9 decks)

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