BIOLOGY EXAM OF ALL TIME Flashcards
Independent variable (IV)
the variable that is purposefully changed by the experimenter
What is monoculture?
The cultivation of one plant in a large area.
Does Asexual Reproduction use monoculture?
Yes, It uses the benefits and risks that monoculture has to offer.
What is vegetation propagation?
The process of cloning plants while making farming more reliable.
What may threaten monoculture?
Changes in the environment threaten may threaten the entire monoculture because of the lack of variability (ex. New pest)
Can organisms reproduce both asexually and sexually?
Yes
What’s an example of an organism that reproduces both asexually and sexually?
Yeast
Binary fission
chromosomes replicate and the cell splits into two new cells of equal size.
Where is binary fission common?
Bacteria and protists
Spore formation
chromosomes replicate and are surrounded by a tough outer cote. Then, the spore divides to form a new fungus or plant
What is budding?
nucleus and cytoplasm of a cell are duplicated but the daughter cell- called a bud- is smaller than the parent- it then pinches off to become a new individual
What is vegetative propagation?
some plants produce new individuals that are
initially attached to the parent and then
separate
What are some methods of vegetative propagation?
cuttings and runners (horizontal, above-ground stems)
What is regeneration?
development of a new
animal from its body parts
Do cancer cells perform any useful functions?
No, cancer cells don’t perform helpful/useful functions.
How do organisms usually get cancer cells?
Organisms get cancer cells from mutations in genes that produce proteins involved in the cell cycle.
What does radiation do?
It targets specific cells and destroys them.
Cancer can result in what?
tumors
What do tumors look like
clumps of cells normally on the skin that grow into the veins
What is the trend in differences in cancerous cells and normal cells?
Cancer cells have fewer total cells in each cell cycle process while normal cells have more.
What does radiation do?
It targets specific cells and destroys them.
What does the immune system do?
It helps detect the early developments of cancer cells and destroys them. However, sometimes cancer cells are able to avoid being detected.
What can tumors do?
Deprive normal cells of nutrients
What does Chemotherapy do?
Chemotherapeutic drugs interfere with the duplication of DNA. Since continuously dividing cells duplicate DNA frequently it is especially toxic to them.
