Biology (Evolution) Flashcards
Adaptive Radiation
Adaptive Radiation (One organism changes into different organisms because of the environment)
Altruismus
Altruism (Behaviour that benefits the species but not the individual)
Analoge Strukturen
Analogous Structures (Structures that evolved from different origins)
Künstliche Selektion
Artificial Selection (Inherited trait chosen by humans)
Verhaltensisolation
Behavioural Isolation (Different behaviours prevent individuals in a species from mating with each other)
Koevolution
Co Evolution (Two species affect each other’s evolution)
Kontinentaldrift
Continental Drift (Europe and North America are moving away from each other)
Gerichtete Selektion
Directional Selection (The environment causes a trait to move in ONE direction)
Disruptive Selektion
Disruptive Selection (The environment causes trait to move away from the middle and towards opposite ends)
Ökologische Isolation
Ecological Isolation (When two species can not breed with each other because they live in different habitats)
Fossil
Fossil (Mold or cast of an organism in rock)
Gametische Isolation
Gametic Isolation (When sperm and egg can not join together)
Genfluss
Gene Flow (The movement of genes in or out of population)
Gendrift
Generic Drift (Change in gene frequency in a population that is usually due to chance)
Gradualismus
Gradualism (Species change a little bit at a time (also known as Natural selection))
Hardy-Weinberg-Gesetz
Hardy Weinberg Equibilibrium (States that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences)
Homologe Strukturen
Homologous Structures (Structures that look different but came from the same origin)
Hybride Unfruchtbarkeit
Hybrid Infertility (Two different species can mate but they can not reproduce themselves)
Hybride Inviabilität
Hybrid Inviability (Two different species can mate but they can not produce an offspring that will survive)
Hybridenzusammenbruch
Hybrid Breakdown (First generation of two species can reproduce BUT the second generation can not reproduce)
Makroevolution
Macroevolution (When evolution happens on a large scale such that different species evolve into different species)
Mechanische Isolation
Mechanical Isolation (Two different species can not mate because their reproductive structures do not fit with each other)
Microevolution
Microevoltution (When evolution happens on a small scale, often changes within a species)
Mimikry
Mimicry (When an organism adapts physical traits of another organism to get some type of evolutionary advantage)
Natürliche Auslese
Natural Selection (Inherited trait chosen by the environment)
Paläontologie
Palaeontology (The branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants)
Phylogenese
Phylogeny (The history of how species have developed)
Postzygotischer Isolationsmechanismus
Postzygotic Isolating Mechanism (Things that prevent species from forming after the sperm and egg have joined
Präzygotischer Isolationsmechanismus
Prezygotic Isolating Mechanism (Things that prevent a sperm and egg from joining)
Primat
Primate (Advanced mammals that stand upright and grasp tools)
Punktiertes Gleichgewicht
Punctuated Equilibrium (A theory of evolution that says species only change at certain times)
Radioisotop
Radioisotope (A radioactive isotope that can be used to determine the age of a fossil)
Selektive Züchtung
Selective Breeding (Humans choose what traits they want in different species)
Sexuelle Auslese
Sexual Selection (Certain traits evolve more commomly in certain species because those individuals are more attractive to their mates)
Speziation, Artbildung
Speciation (Forming a new species)
Stabilisierende Selektion
Stabilizing Selection (Environment causes trait to stay the same)
Überleben des Stärksten
Survival of the Fittest (Species change over time and go on to reproduce because of influence of the environment)
Zeitliche Isolation
Temporal Isolation (When two species can not reproduce because they mate at different times)
Verkümmerte Merkmale
Vestigial Features (Structures that no longer have a function)
