Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SCIENCE GCSE > Biology CT2 > Flashcards

Biology CT2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the equation for energy transfers?

A

EJ = mass of water (g) x change in temp x specific heat capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the specific heat capacity of water?

A

42000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the calorimitery?

A

The process of measuring the amount of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Steps to the calormetry test?

A

-Add water - around 20cm(cubed) - to a boiling tube clamped in a retort stand.

-Record the starting temperature

-Place food sample on mounted needle

-Ignite the food sample using a bunsen burner under the boiling tube of water until completely burned - it may be nessasary to relight the food sample

-Record the final temperature of the water

-Record results in a table

-Calculate the change in temp caused by the burning food sample

-Repeat steps 1-8 with this food type to increase reliablity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of the active site of an enzyme?

A

The role of the active site is to compliment the substrate molecule.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Why is no starch detected at 150 sec and glucose is detected?

A

The starch has been fully broken down into simple sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Why the time taken for the milk to curdle decreases from 30 to 40?

A

The enzymes are becoming denatured so their active sites will not compliment the milk as well so it would decrease the time to curdle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the steps for the practical for testing starch?

A
  • ass iodine to spotting tile
  • add amylase + buffer to a test tube, mix then add starch solution, start stopwatch
  • After 20-30 sec, add a drop of solution to iodine in spotting tile.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

define osmosis?

A

water molecules diffuse from an area of high concentration to low concentration through a partially permeable membrane until in equilibrium, resulting in a net

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

define net

A

the actual amount of molecules that have moved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What happens in osmosis in animals when there is high concentration outside the cell

A

water enters cell due to it having a lower concentration. the cell will then potentially burst due to it sewelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens in osmosis in animals when there is a high concentration in the cell

A

water leaves the cell. the cell will then shrivel and crenate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens in osmosis in plants when there is high concentration outside the plant cell

A

Water enters the plant cell via cytoplasm & vacuole. The Vacuole & cytoplasm swell and push against cell membrane. It then pushes and stretches the cell wall. The cell becomes turgid (swells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens in osmosis in plants when there is high concentration inside the plant cell

A

Water leaves the plant causing the cell to contract (shrink). The cell shrinks, becomes flaccid and the cell membrane pulls away from the cell wall causing the cell to become plasmolysed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

define flaccid

A

floppy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

if someone inherits a disorder what would their coding be

A

BB or bb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

define homozygous

A

the same alleles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

define heterozygous

A

different alleles

19
Q

define phenotype

A

a characteristic we inherited that we can see. e.g. eye colour

20
Q

define genotype

A

something we inherit that we can not see. e.g. Bb

21
Q

steps for the osmosis practical

A
  1. set up 4/5 boiling tubes, each with sucrose solution
  2. prepare 4/5 potato cylinders using a borer and cut them to the same length. Dry them using a paper towel to remove liquid and record the mass before placing it into one of the boiling tubes
  3. Leave them for 30/40 mins
  4. remove the potato, remove excess liquid from the surface of the cylinder with a paper towel. and record the mass.
  5. repeat the practical
22
Q

what is the independent variable of the osmosis practical

A

concentration of sucrose in the solution

23
Q

what is the dependent variable of the osmosis practical

A

the change in mass of the potato cylinders

24
Q

How many blood groups are there

A

4

25
Q

what are the blood groups

A

A, B, AB, O

26
Q

What type of blood type is O

A

recessive blood type - homozygous

27
Q

What type of blood type is AB

A

codominant- both alleles are expressed

28
Q

What type of blood type is B and A

A

both dominant alleles

29
Q

what are the blood type A genotypes?

A

/A /O or /A /A

30
Q

what are the blood type B genotypes?

A

/B /O or /B /B

31
Q

what are the blood type AB genotypes?

A

/A /B

32
Q

what is the RH+/- system (rhesus)

A

Red blood cells sometimes have another antigen, a protein known as the RhD antigen. If it is present you are RhD + if not you are RhD

33
Q

how many years are between ‘Ardi’ and ‘Lucy’

A

1.2 million

34
Q

What are Darwin’s four main ideas / laws

A

-Variation
-Heredity
-Struggle for existence
-Natural selection

35
Q

what does codominant mean

A

both alleles are expressed AB

36
Q

define natural selection

A

only the survivors of the competition for recourses will reproduce.

37
Q

define mutation

A

a change in a gene that creates a new allele

38
Q

what causes a genetic variation

A

the different alleles inherited during sexual reproduction

39
Q

define acquired characteristics

A

characteristics that are changed by the environment during the life of the individual

40
Q

define discontinuous variation

A

where the data can only take a limited set of values

41
Q

define continuous variation

A

where the data can be any value in a range

42
Q

define evolution

A

a gradual change in the characteristics of a species over time

43
Q

define how scientists used stone tools to get the age of the rock

A

they assume that a stone tool is the same age as that layer of rock

44
Q

how are stone tools made?

A

-by hitting it
-with another stone
-to knock flakes/chips off

SCIENCE GCSE (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions