Biology Chapter 5 Reproduction Flashcards
What part of the female reproductive system is where ova (eggs) are produced
Ovary
What part of the female reproductive system is where fertilisation occurs
Oviduct
What part of the female reproductive system is where the embryo will implant
Uterus
What part of the female reproductive system is where the sperm are deposited
Vagina
What part of the female reproductive system widens and dilates during birth
Cervix
What part of the male reproductive system is where sperm are made
Testes
What part of the male reproductive system holds the testes outside the body
Scrotum
What part of the male reproductive system carries the sperm to the urethra
Sperm Duct or Sperm Tube
What part of the male reproductive system adds chemicals to make the sperm active (feeds the sperm)
Prostate gland
What part of the male reproductive system carries the sperm out of the body
The urethra in the penis
When an egg and sperm cell fuse what is this called
Fertilisation
What is the name given to the sperm or egg cell due to it having half the number of chromosomes as a normal cell
Haploid
What is the name given to the zygote cell as it has the normal number of chromosomes (23 pairs)
Diploid
What is the name of the ball of cells produced after the zygote has divided repeatedly
embryo
Where does the embryo implant
Uterus wall
What supplies the embryo with materials such as glucose and oxygen and removes waste eg carbon dioxide
umbilical cord
Where does the exchange of materials take place between the embryo and mother
Placenta
After 6 weeks the embryo is known as what
A foetus
What protects the foetus from bumps
Amnion and Amniotic fluid
How many weeks is a woman normally pregnant for
40 weeks
How long is the menstrual cycle
28 days
On what days does menstruation take place
days 1 - 5
What is menstruation
the breaking down of the uterus lining
Around what day does ovulation occur
Day 14
What is ovulation
Release of an ovum from ovary
When is the woman most likely to get pregnant
Around day 14 - if sperm present and egg present in oviduct
What hormone brings about ovulation
Oestrogen
What is the function of progesterone
To build up and maintain lining of uterus after day 14
What are the 3 methods of contraception
mechanical
surgical
chemical
Which type of contraception will protect against STIs
Mechanical
A condom is an example of what type of contracetption
Mechanical
Contraceptive pill is an example of what type of contraception
Chemical
A vesectomy is an example of what type of contraception
Surgical
What are the benefits of mechanical contraception eg condom
protects agains STIs
physical barrier
No sperm enter vagina so no chance of sperm meeting egg
What are the benefits of contraceptive pill or contraceptive implants
Prevent ovum being released
so no chance of egg (oovum) present to be fertilised by sperm
What are the negatives of using chemcial methods such as contraceptive pill
May forget to take pill
Not take pill at correct time each day
Does not protect against STIs
Male sterilisation - describe what happens and the benefits of it
Sperm tubes are cut and tied
So no sperm leave penis
No chance of fertilisation occuring
Permanent
Reliable
Female sterilisation - describe what happens
Oviducts are cut and tied
What are the negatives of male and female sterilisation
Both are permanent so difficult to reverse - usually older people use this method as may already have children
Does not protect against STIs
