Biology-Chapter 1 Flashcards
Magnification
The amount that an image of something is scaled up when viewed through a microscope
Resolution
It is the shortest distance between two points of a specimen that can still be distinguished by the observer or camera system as separate entities.
Organism
An organism refers to any individual living things that can react to stimuli, reproduce, grow, and homeostasis
Nucleus
the part of the animal cell that controls the cell.
Cytoplasm
A ‘jelly like’ substance where the chemical reactions take place
Cell membrane
It is a wall around the cell that controls what goes in and what goes out
Mitrochondria
This is where respiration happens
MRS GREN
It stands for Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Respiration, Excretion and Nutrition
Cell Wall
This strengthens and provides support for the Plant Cell
Vacuole
This contains a water liquid called sap
Chloroplasts
This is where photosynthesis happens
Micrscope
An instrument used for viewing very small objects such as cells, samples etc.
Specimen
An individual animal,plant etc. used as an example of its species
Slide
It is a thin flat piece of glass, used to hold objects for examination under a microscope
Cell
A microscopic structure containing material enclosed by the basic structural unit of organisms
Unicellular Organisms
An unicellular organisms only have one cell
Specialised Cell
A cell that has a specialised job to do something
Nerve Cell Adaptations
The nerve cell has several adaptations which allows it to carry out its necessary functions.
Sperm Cell adaptations
One example: The head contains genetic information and an enzyme to help penetrate the egg cell membrane
Egg cell adaptation
A single egg cell is called an ovum. Collectively, eggs and sperm are called gametes or sex cells. When fertilisation occurs, an egg (ovum) and a sperm cell fuse to form a zygote. Eggs and sperm have several important adaptations linked to their structure.
Root hair adaptation
Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. Root hair cells are updated for this by having a large surface area to speed up osmois
Multicellular Organisms
Something which has more than one cell
Red blood cell adaptation
They have adaptations that make them suitable for this: they contain haemoglobin - a red protein that combines with oxygen.
Diffusion
The spreading of something more widely and quickly
The rate of diffusion
How quickly something spreads widely and quickly
Binary Fission
A sexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies
