Biology Assessment Flashcards
What is reliability?
how many times you repeat the experiment and come to similar results. Think for reliability like steady and constant
What is the reliability of the model?
I completed the model twice. The first was a rough draft to get an idea of the dimensions and available space. Because the initial copy was so different form the final one, I think I would say the model was not reliable.
For some components of the model, like the DNA and the ribosomes, they were consistently a similar size and shape because I traced around an object every time. However, for components like the tRNA and the nucleotide bases, there is some visible inconsistency because they were partially done free-hand, by just mimicking the previous shape every time I added a new one. So partially reliable.
What is accuracy?
how well do the results of your experiment reflect the expected outcome. Think of an accurate shot as close or in the target.
What is the accuracy of the model?
I think the model largely reflects both processes of translation and transcription, however not all
What is validity?
how well you have controlled your experimental variables in order to maintain a fair test.
What is the validity of the model?
idk
What are the limitations of the model?
the model
- SCALE: is not to scale. The tRNA was enlarged to make it more visible for example
- STRUCTURE: the structure of the DNA was simplified significantly to make it easier to draw and to make the steps of the process appear simpler
- ASSUMED KNOWLEDGE: the model is made with the assumption of a lot of background knowledge, such as codons, the names of the RNA variants (messenger RNA is referred to as mRNA),
What are some ways the model could be improved?
The model could be improved by:
- breaking down longer steps into simpler processes.
- labelling the nucleotides
improving the DNA structure
- going into more depth on the structure of the ribosome and the roles of the large and small subunits
- defining translation and transcription on the diagram
- improving the accuracy of the tRNA process
What parts of the model are good and why? (how does it show polypeptide synthesis correctly?
- the shape of the “helix” changes when the DNA is unwound and becomes a square and the bases shorten and distance from their complementary strand to show how the RNA polymerase has separated the strands.
- the consistent colour for each the base and the pairing with only one other specific colour shows complementary base pairing.
What does polypeptide synthesis result in?
it makes peptides, a sequence of multiple amino acids linked by peptide bonds. These peptides are the building blocks of proteins, which are created by the bonding two or more polypeptides. Polypeptides can be folded into a specific shape for a particular protein.
What are proteins made of?
monomers called amino acids
What elements are proteins made of?
(CHON) Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
What are amino acids made of?
left: an amino group (H-N-H)
middle: (1) a hydrogen atom (H)
(2) an R (rest of the molecule) group (C-R)
right: a carboxyl group (O-C-OH)
Proteins are the onyl biological molecule that contains what?
nitrogen
What group in the amino acid changes between different amino acids
the R group. There are 20 different types
