Biology

Question 1

What does adaptation mean?

Answer 1

Adaptation means how they adapt to the environment around them, to suit their needs to help them survive eg changing to fit their environment

Question 2

What does conservation

Answer 2

Conserving means to stay alive and conserve their species or to conserve a endangered species to keep them alive eg zoo

Question 3

What does Mrs Nerg mean?

Answer 3

M- movement
R- respiration
S- sensitivity
N- nutrition 
E- excretion
R- reproductive 
G- growths

Question 4

What does extinction mean?

Answer 4

Extinction is when all members of a species has died

Question 5

Why is it important to conserve forests?

Answer 5

It is important to conserve forests because they are habitats for many species and help, they also store carbon which helps reduce global warming. They also provide wood and paper and add nutrients to the soil

Question 6

Why is it important to conserve soil

Answer 6

It is important to conserve soil because it is vital to our food production, this is because we need high quality soil in order to grow the crops that we depend on to live. Soil is also very important for plants to grow. Without it, other types of conservation methods lie plant conservation etc wouldn’t exist

Question 7

Why is it important to conserve biodiversity?

Answer 7

It is important to conserve biodiversity because biodiversity is the variety of living things that populate our earth. A lot of benefits and products we get from nature heavily relies on biodiversity. We need a mixture of rich medicines, building materials and food. We also need this to maintain a healthy landscape

Question 8

Why is it important to conserve fossil fuels?

Answer 8

Fossil fuels are fuels (diesel etc) that are produced from remains of old plants. This includes: natural gas, petroleum (which is oil). We rely on these things to power vehicles such as airplanes, cars and even electricity.

Question 9

Why is it important to conserve minerals?

Answer 9

Minerals are heavily farmed for their benefits. These methods often pollute the water and devastate their surroundings and deplete the ores of their minerals

Question 10

Why is it important to conserve water?

Answer 10

It is important to conserve water because Water is important because although we won’t run out as the whole world is covered in water, but only 2.5% is freshwater and 70% of the freshwater is frozen. Meaning that not a lot of the water can be used by humans for farming, drinking etc.

Question 11

What might adaptations in the wild be?

Answer 11

Adaptations can both be Physical (Giraffes have long necks in order to reach leaves in trees high up) and Behavioural (Desert foxes sleep in the day (nocturnal) and hunt at night)

Question 12

What is the role of zoos in conservation?

Answer 12

Zoos help conserve animals by ensuring that endangered species won’t be hurt or killed.

Question 13

What are the 6 food groups?

Answer 13

The 6 food groups are carbohydrates, protein, lipids, fibre, vitamins and minerals)

Question 14

What do we need carbohydrates for?

Answer 14

We need Carbohydrates because they give us energy a example being bread etc.

Question 15

What do we need protein for?

Answer 15

We need protein to help our bodies grow and repair a example being meat

Question 16

What do we need fats for?

Answer 16

We need fats because they help keep us warm and store energy a example being Nuts

Question 17

What do we need fibre for?

Answer 17

We need fibre because it improves cholesterol and helps digestion

Question 18

What do we need minerals for?

Answer 18

We need minerals in small quantities to help aid other functions

Question 19

What do we need vitamins for?

Answer 19

We need vitamins to help our immune system and strengthen bones

Question 20

What is the dentition in herbivores?

Answer 20

A sheep (herbivore) only has incisors in the lower jaw which bites against a horny pad in the upper jaw to chop off pieces of grass.
It also has a large gap between their front and back teeth called a diastema where the grass collects and is rooted before being pushed back into the molars. The sheep also has molars which are large and flat with sharp ridges for grinding up plant material.

Question 21

What is the dentition in carnivores?

Answer 21

A dog (carnivore) has incisors which are used to rip or scrape meat off bones, it has premolars which have serrated edges to help cut meat into smaller pieces (these are the most numerous teeth in dogs). They have Carnassials, the 4th premolar in the upper jaw (1st molar in second) these are the largest teeth in the mouth and are highly specialised. They have 3 roots, are self sharpening and are arranged in order to shear meat off bones. Molars are large flattened surfaces used to crush and grind bones.

Question 22

What does population mean?

Answer 22

population is the number of living things that live together at the same time

Question 23

What does species mean?

Answer 23

a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of reproducing

Question 24

What does ecosystem mean

Answer 24

Ecosystem has living and non-living (air, water soil) are co-dependant on each other to survive

Question 25

What does habitat mean

Answer 25

A habitat is a particular place where organisms live

Question 26

What does community mean

Answer 26

a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common

Question 27

What food test do you make for glucose and what colour does it turn?

Answer 27

You add 2cm3 of benedict’s solution to the sugar solution to the sugar solution and heat in a 90 c water bath for 10 minutes. It will turn from blue- brick red

Question 28

What food test do you make for starch and what colour does it turn?

Answer 28

Add a couple drops of iodine solution to the potato the colour should turn from brown-blue

Question 29

What food test do you make for protein and what colour does it turn?

Answer 29

Add 5-10 drops of biuret solution to the albumen solution. The colour should be blue-purple.

Question 30

What food test do you make for fats and what colour does it turn?

Answer 30

Fold the filter paper in half, on one half put one drop of water, on the other half put one drop of oil. Wait until the water dries before recording results. The water should dry and fat stays.

Question 31

What are the four main teeth and what are their functions?

Answer 31

Incisors cutting (8), canine tearing (4), premolar grinding and crushing(0,8), molar grinding and crushing (8,12)

Question 32

What adaptations do butterflies mouthparts have

Answer 32

How do they eat?
Butterflies eat using their straw which they use to puncture nectar from flowers, this can be substituted with sugar water if kept as a pet

Question 33

What adaptations do bluewhale mouthparts have

Answer 33

A Baleen whales mouth is like a filter. Inside their mouth are plates called “baleen plates” these plates are made of a material called keratin which can be found in our fingernails and hair
In just one whale there can be 300-400 plates which are all nearly 25cm wide. On one side of the plate are coarse bristles the other side is like a fringed moustache. These bristles vary in thickness and length but they still help the whale to catch fish such as plankton, krill etc.

Question 34

How should you keep your teeth clean and hey is it important?

Answer 34

You can keep your teeth clean, healthy by not drinking fizzy drinks or sugar and brush your teeth with toothpaste that has fluoride in to strengthen your teeth. To remove plaque and floss to remove bacteria and plaque. You can also help your teeth by visiting the dentist every six months or when needed.

Question 35

What are variables?

Answer 35

Variables are a element/factor that can be changed

Question 36

What is a independent variable

Answer 36

A independent variable is a variable which doesn’t rely on another

Question 37

What is a dependant variable

Answer 37

A dependant variable is when the independent variable is changed causing the dependant variable to change

Question 38

What is a control variable?

Answer 38

A control variable is a variable that is kept the same and not changed

Question 39

What is a categoric variable

Answer 39

A categoric variable is bets described with a label

Question 40

Why is a continuos variable

Answer 40

A continuos variable is a variable that is measured so it could be any number

Question 41

What does reproducible mean

Answer 41

Reproducible means when other people get the same results as you

Question 42

What does repeatable mean

Answer 42

Repeatable means if the experiment is repeated using the same method

Question 43

What does valid mean

Answer 43

Valid is when you control as many variables as possible

Question 44

What experiment can we do to see if huddling keeps penguins warm?

Answer 44

1) collect the apparatus (7 test tubes, 1 test tube, 2 elastic bands, 2 thermometers, ice, 1 pair of tongs, wool, safety goggles, boiling water)
2) fill the two beakers half full with ice and top up to 3/4 full with cold water
3) put the elastic band around seven test tubes
4) place the test tubes in the beakers and ask the teacher to fill the test tubes with hot water
5) put cotton wool in the top of each test tube
6) place the thermometer in the middle tube and the one on its own
7) record the initial temperature
8) begin the timer and record the temperature every minute for eight minutes

Question 45

What are some problems with life in the artic/antartic

Answer 45

• it’s dark 6 months/change between seasons
• hypothermia
• hard to climatise
• no steady food supply/quick breeding season
• hard for plants to grow (potential low oxygen levels)