biology 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is coronary heart disease?

A

layers of fatty material that build up inside the coronary
arteries, narrowing them – resulting in a lack of oxygen for
the heart

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2
Q

What is a stent?

A

a device inserted into a blocked artery to keep it open,
allowing more blood and oxygen to the heart

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3
Q

What are statins?

A

drugs that reduce blood cholesterol levels, slowing the
rate of fatty material deposit

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4
Q

What is a faulty heart valve?

A

heart valve that doesn’t open properly or leaks

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5
Q

How can a faulty heart valve be treated?

A

replace with a biological or mechanical valve

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6
Q

When do heart transplants take place?

A

in cases of heart failure

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7
Q

What are artificial hearts used for?

A

keep patients alive whilst waiting for a transplant, or
allow the heart to rest for recovery

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8
Q

Define health.

A

state of physical and mental well-being

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9
Q

What factors can affect health?

A

disease, diet, stress, exercise, life situations

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10
Q

What is a risk factor?

A

aspect of lifestyle or substance in the body that can increase the risk of a disease developing

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11
Q

Give five risk factors.

A

poor diet, smoking, lack of exercise, alcohol, carcinogens

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12
Q

What is cancer?

A

a result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and cell division by mitosis

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13
Q

What are malignant tumours?

A

cancerous tumours that can spread to neighbouring
tissues and other parts of the body in the blood, forming
secondary tumours

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14
Q

What are benign tumours?

A

non-cancerous tumours that do not spread in the body

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15
Q

What two types of risk factor affect the development
of cancers?

A

lifestyle and genetic risk factors

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16
Q

What is a carcinogen?

A

agents that cause cancer or significantly increase the risk of developing cancer

17
Q

what are the effects of alcohol on unborn babies

A
  • fetal alcohol syndrome have facial features such as small eyes, a thin upper lip
  • Newborns may have low birth weights and small heads.
18
Q

what are the differences between malignant and benign tumours

A

malignant –> spread to different parts of body in blood, invade neighbouring tissues, forms secondary tumours

benign –> are cells that are contained in one area, do not invade other tissues, do not form secondary tumors

19
Q
A