biology 7

Question 1

What is coronary heart disease?

Answer 1

layers of fatty material that build up inside the coronary
arteries, narrowing them – resulting in a lack of oxygen for
the heart

Question 2

What is a stent?

Answer 2

a device inserted into a blocked artery to keep it open,
allowing more blood and oxygen to the heart

Question 3

What are statins?

Answer 3

drugs that reduce blood cholesterol levels, slowing the
rate of fatty material deposit

Question 4

What is a faulty heart valve?

Answer 4

heart valve that doesn’t open properly or leaks

Question 5

How can a faulty heart valve be treated?

Answer 5

replace with a biological or mechanical valve

Question 6

When do heart transplants take place?

Answer 6

in cases of heart failure

Question 7

What are artificial hearts used for?

Answer 7

keep patients alive whilst waiting for a transplant, or
allow the heart to rest for recovery

Question 8

Define health.

Answer 8

state of physical and mental well-being

Question 9

What factors can affect health?

Answer 9

disease, diet, stress, exercise, life situations

Question 10

What is a risk factor?

Answer 10

aspect of lifestyle or substance in the body that can increase the risk of a disease developing

Question 11

Give five risk factors.

Answer 11

poor diet, smoking, lack of exercise, alcohol, carcinogens

Question 12

What is cancer?

Answer 12

a result of changes in cells that lead to uncontrolled growth and cell division by mitosis

Question 13

What are malignant tumours?

Answer 13

cancerous tumours that can spread to neighbouring
tissues and other parts of the body in the blood, forming
secondary tumours

Question 14

What are benign tumours?

Answer 14

non-cancerous tumours that do not spread in the body

Question 15

What two types of risk factor affect the development
of cancers?

Answer 15

lifestyle and genetic risk factors

Question 16

What is a carcinogen?

Answer 16

agents that cause cancer or significantly increase the risk of developing cancer

Question 17

what are the effects of alcohol on unborn babies

Answer 17

• fetal alcohol syndrome have facial features such as small eyes, a thin upper lip
• Newborns may have low birth weights and small heads.

Question 18

what are the differences between malignant and benign tumours

Answer 18

malignant –> spread to different parts of body in blood, invade neighbouring tissues, forms secondary tumours

benign –> are cells that are contained in one area, do not invade other tissues, do not form secondary tumors