science C5 Flashcards
What does reactivity mean?
how vigorously a substance chemically reacts
How can metals be ordered by their reactivity?
by comparing their reactions with water, acid,
or oxygen
What name is given to a list of metals ordered by their reactivity?
reactivity series
In terms of electrons, what makes some metals more reactive than others?
they lose their outer shell electron(s) more easily
Why are gold and silver found naturally as elements in the Earth’s crust?
very few metals can resist natural weathering processes like oxidation, so mainly the less reactive metals such as gold and platinum are found as native metals.
What is an ore?
rock containing enough of a metal compound to be
economically worth extracting
How are metals less reactive than carbon extracted from their ores?
reduction with carbon
In terms of oxygen, what is oxidation?
addition of oxygen
In terms of oxygen, what is reduction?
removal of oxygen
Why can metals like potassium and aluminium not be extracted by reduction with carbon?
they are more reactive than carbon
How are metals more reactive than carbon
extracted from their ores?
extracted by electrolysis
What is a displacement reaction?
a more reactive substance takes the place of a less reactive substance in a compound
What is an ionic equation?
equation which gives some substances as ions and has spectator ions removed
What type of substance is given as ions in an ionic
equation?
ionic compounds in solution (or liquid)
What is a spectator ion?
ion that is unchanged in a reaction
