Biology 30 - Molecular genetics

Question 1

Ligase

Answer 1

• DNA glue that seals fragments together when synthesis is complete

Question 2

Helicase

Answer 2

• Unwinds and pulls apart DNA

Question 3

Primase

Answer 3

• Puts down RNA primers on the template strands and initiates replication

Question 4

DNA Polymerase

Answer 4

• Adds new DNA nucleotides onto the parent DNA stands
• Removes the RNA primer replacing it with DNA nucleotide
• Acts as a proofreader replacing any mistakes that occur

Question 5

Name of the bacteria DNA ring

Answer 5

• Plasmid

Question 6

Okazaki fragments

Answer 6

• Short segments of DNA that is synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication

Question 7

Central dogma

Answer 7

DNA - mRNA - Proteins

Question 8

What did scientists originally believe DNA was?

Answer 8

• Proteins

Question 9

Transcription

Answer 9

• Occurs in the nucleus of the cell
• The synthesis of RNA from the DNA template
• Sequence of events that covers initiation, elongation and termination

Question 10

Translation

Answer 10

• The synthesis of a polypeptide using the genetic information encoded in a mRNA
  molecule