Biology 2

Question 1

what is a diploid cell?

Answer 1

A cell that contains two sets of chromosomes ( 2n ) one set inherited from each parent ex: in humans the diploid is 46 ( 2n=46 )

Question 2

what is a haploid cell?

Answer 2

A cell that contains only on set of chromosomes ( n ) ex: in humans the haploid is 23 (n = 23)

Question 3

what happens during crossing over

Answer 3

DNA breaks are closed up an when each broken end is joined to the corresponding segment of the non sister chromatid

Question 4

What is synapsis

Answer 4

the pairing or physical connection of one duplicated chromosome to its homolog and this happens during prophase 1 of meiosis

Question 5

what are somatic cells

Answer 5

every other cells in the body that is not a reproductive cell. ex: muscle cells, skin cells ect

Question 6

What happens in meiosis

Answer 6

A parent cell divides into two daughter cells during meiosis 1 and the daughter cells then split making four new ones in meiosis 2 and their are 23 chromosomes in each daughter cell

Question 7

What are homologous chromosomes

Answer 7

These are chromosomes that hav eteh same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes from each parent

Question 8

what are gametes

Answer 8

these are the reproductive cells such as eggs and sperm in animal and plant cells that pass genes from one generation to the next

Question 8

what is a locus

Answer 8

This is a specific place along the length of a chromosome that the gene is located at

Question 9

How many chromosomes are in human cells? How many homologous chromosome pairs are in human somatic cells? how many homologous chromosome pairs are in a human gamete cell?

Answer 9

1.) 46 chromosomes in human cells
2.) 22 homologous pairs in human somatic cells
3.) 23 homologous pairs of chromosomes in a human gamete cell