Biology

Question 1

The pure, smallest non-separable into simpler substance, particles are

Answer 1

electrons

Question 2

Which particle is positively charged

Answer 2

Positron

Question 3

what are the elements that have different # neutrons but same # protons - they can become radioactive

Answer 3

isotopes

Question 4

When electrons are added, does the atomic weight go up?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

Correct sequence for air to travel through respiratory system?

Answer 5

Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus

Question 6

What happens in the alveolus?

Answer 6

• Carbon dioxide exits the blood, the oxygen enters the blood
• Exchange of gasses between the blood and air takes place
• Venous blood turns into arterial blood

Question 7

The respiratory centers are located in what?

Answer 7

brainstem

Question 8

Functions of respiratory system:

Answer 8

• Exchange of oxygen from the air into the blood and carbon dioxide from the
  blood into the air
• Protect the body from environmental changes and pathogens
• Produce sound
• Detect olfactory stimuli

Question 9

The carrier of oxygen in the blood?

Answer 9

Hemoglobin

Question 10

We have 2 bronchi (right and left) the left and right lobes have how many?

Answer 10

Left lung has 2 lobes
Right lung has 3 lobes

Question 11

Where does the initial signal for heart contraction originate?

Answer 11

in SA node

Question 12

The formed elements of the blood:

Answer 12

RBC, WBC, Thrombocytes

*NOT antibodies

Question 13

Does the blood have 55% plasma, which is the liquid portion of the blood?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

Damage to tissue outside of the vessels is what?

Answer 14

extrinsic

Question 15

Tissue Thromboplastin is what?

Answer 15

extrinsic

Question 16

Damage to blood vessels is what?

Answer 16

Intrinsic

Question 17

Activation of blood clotting factors, such as factor X, prothrombin, fibrinogen is what?

Answer 17

Extrinsic

Question 18

Normal adult’s percent of water in the body is?

Answer 18

60%

Question 19

The blood is filtered in which structure?

Answer 19

glomerulus

Question 20

Where is the location of the temperature control center?

Answer 20

hypothalamus

Question 21

What microorganisms cause otitis media, community acquired pneumonia,
Abscesses, Syphilis, Urinary tract infections, gastritis, food poisoning?

Answer 21

bacteria

Question 22

in regard to immune system, Skin, mucous membranes, inflammation, release of histamine from mast cells, WBC attack, fever, first line of defense are what?

Answer 22

non-specific

Question 23

in regard to immune system, antibodies towards the causative agent is what?

Answer 23

specific

Question 24

B-cells are active against what?

Answer 24

Viruses
Bacteria
bacterial toxins

Question 25

Antibodies:

Answer 25

- They recognize the non-self organisms and cells - They recognize cancer cells - They generate in response to antigens - They remember the antigen (memory cells)

Question 26

Do Alveolar macrophages engulf foreign particles?

Answer 26

Yes

Question 27

T-cells?

Answer 27

- There are 3 kinds: Helper, suppressor, cytotoxic - They produce interferons - They act against body cells that are infected by organisms, fungi, parasites - They start in the bone marrow, but they mature in the thymus gland

Question 28

To avoid tissue transplant rejection, doctors use?

Answer 28

Immunosuppressors

Question 29

Is the mucosa of the upper part of the respiratory system covered with cilia (hairlike structures), that protect the body from invasions of dust and other unwanted particles?

Answer 29

Yes

Question 30

Which part of the neuron is myelinated?

Answer 30

axon

Question 31

Does the trachea have cartilage?

Answer 31

Yes, it has C-shaped rings of cartilage

Question 32

receiver of messages

Answer 32

dendrite

Question 33

analyzing message

Answer 33

body/nucelus

Question 34

passes message to another neuron, gland, or muscle

Answer 34

axon

Question 35

produces neurotransmitters

Answer 35

body/nucleus

Question 36

Releasing hormones that are sent to pituitary gland

Answer 36

hypothalamus

Question 37

Produces hormones that through the blood reach target organs, such as thyroid or ovaries

Answer 37

pituitary gland

Question 38

Produces thyroxin and calcitonin

Answer 38

thyroid gland

Question 39

Produces epinephrine and other cortical hormones

Answer 39

adrenal gland

Question 40

Produce hormones that regulate metabolism

Answer 40

pancreas

Question 41

Produces melatonin

Answer 41

pineal gland