biology 1150 test two (eukaryotic cell organelles) Flashcards
what are the 4 eukaryotes
protists, fungi, plants, animals
what are the 2 prokaryotes
eubacteria and archaeabacteria
what is the biological organization of eukaryotic cells from smallest to largest (SAMBOC)
sub-atomic particles, atoms, molecules, biological macromolecules, organelles, cells
what are organelles
internal cell structures that serve as the “little organs
what do organelles allow cells to do
survive and reproduce
organelles are found in
a. eukaryotic cells
b. prokaryotic cells
c. both
a. eukaryotic cells
what makes up a membrane bound organelle (6)
lysosome, nucleus, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, mitochondria
what makes up a non-membrane bound organelle (6)
nucleolus, centriole, microtubules, ribosome, intermediate filaments, micro filaments
the nucleus and nucleolus are surrounded by a _____ ______
nuclear envelope
what is a nuclear envelope and what does it allow
double membrane that allows communication through nuclear pores
what do nuclear pores do
transport
the nuclear envelope is made of _____ on the outside and _____ on the inside
ribosome / lamins
where do ribosomes become assembled from rna and proteins (inside the nucleus)
nucleolus
function of nucleus and nucleolus
replication (dna –> dna) and transcription (dna –> rna)
an extensive network of channels connected to the plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, and certain organelles
endoplasmic reticulum
what do rough endoplasmic reticulum guide
the production of proteins
what is smooth endoplasmic reticulum involved in
production of phospholipids and detoxification
lysosome contains enzymes that
break down macromolecules, old organelles, invaders
mitochondria are the sites of
cellular respiration
golgi apparatus consists of a series of
interconnected, flattened membranous sacs
mitochondria provides cell with energy to produce ____
atp
mitochondria is a double-membrane organelle
a. true
b. false
a. true
inner foldings in mitochondria
cristae
cristae provide
increased membrane surface for cellular respiration
