biology

Question 1

hypertonic

Answer 1

is a solution that has a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside

Question 2

isotonic

Answer 2

equal concentrations of impermeable solutes on either side of the membrane

Question 3

hypotonic

Answer 3

has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution

Question 4

hydrophobic

Answer 4

a property of a substance that repels water

Question 5

hydrophilic

Answer 5

having a strong affinity for water

Question 6

passive transport

Answer 6

a type of membrane transport that does not require energy to move substances across cell membranes

Question 7

active transport

Answer 7

the process of moving molecules across a cellular membrane through the use of cellular energy

Question 8

extracellular

Answer 8

situated or occurring outside a cell or the cells of the body

Question 9

intracellular

Answer 9

the inside region of cells and what you find there

Question 10

solute

Answer 10

a substance that can be dissolved by a solvent to create a solution.

Question 11

solution

Answer 11

a mixture in which molecules of one substance are distributed evenly in another.

Question 12

how does water get out of a cell

Question 13

pinocytosis

Answer 13

endocytosis of solid material, such as bacteria

Question 14

phagocytosis

Answer 14

endocytosis of a fluid material, such as lipids

Question 15

facilitated diffusion

Answer 15

when molecule is to big (like glucose) and can’t fit through the phospholipid bilayer so it has to go through a transmembrane protein

Question 16

osmosis

Answer 16

the movement of water molecules from a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules, through a cell’s partially permeable membrane.

Question 17

active transport

Answer 17

the process of moving molecules across a cellular membrane through the use of cellular energy

Question 18

bulk transport

Answer 18

a type of active transport that moves particles, such as large molecules, parts of cells, and even whole cells, into a cell

Question 19

exocytosis

Answer 19

moving materials from within a cell to the exterior of the cell.

Question 20

endocytosis

Answer 20

the process by which cells take in substances from outside of the cell by engulfing them in a vesicle.

Question 21

cholesterol

Answer 21

increases the lipid-packing density and maintains high membrane fluidity

Question 22

transmembrane proteins

Answer 22

gateways to permit the transport of specific substances across the membrane.

Question 23

carbohydrates

Answer 23

help to protect the cell from the outside world

Question 24

polar and non polar

Answer 24

Polar atoms and molecules interact freely with water, while nonpolar atoms and molecules resist this interaction.

Question 25

How does surface area to volume affect diffusion of molecules into the cell?

Answer 25

As volume and surface area increase, the volume increases faster

Question 26

Why are cells so small?

Answer 26

so that they can maximize their ratio of area to volume