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AP PSYCH > Biological Psychology > Flashcards

Biological Psychology Flashcards

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1
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Division of the PNS that controls glands & muscles of internal organs

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2
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Sensory & motor neurons connect the CNS to the rest of the body

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3
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Division of the autonomic nervous system that calms the body

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4
Q

Occipital lobes

A

Back of the head

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5
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres & carrying messages between them

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6
Q

MRI

A

Use of magnetic fields & radio waves to produce computer generated images

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7
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

Language reception; left temporal lobe

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8
Q

PET

A

A visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task

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9
Q

cerebellum

A

Processes sensory input & coordinating movement output & balance

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10
Q

neuron

A

A nerve cell

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11
Q

amygdala

A

Component of the limbic system linked to emotion

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12
Q

endorphins

A

Opiate like neurotransmitters linked to pain control and pleasure

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13
Q

Frontal lobes

A

The portion of the cerebral cortex lying just behind the forehead

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14
Q

electroencephalogram

A

Amplified recording of the waves of electrical activity that sweep across the brain�s surface

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15
Q

Motor cortex

A

Rear of frontal lobes

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16
Q

Neural networks

A

Interconnected neural cells

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17
Q

Parietal lobes

A

Top of the head towards the rear

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18
Q

myelin

A

Layer of fatty tissue segment ally encasing the fibers of many neurons

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19
Q

Sensory neurons

A

Neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors to the CNS

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20
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

The division of the PNS that controls the body�s skeletal muscles

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21
Q

brainstem

A

Responsible for automatic survival functions

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22
Q

synapse

A

Junction between axon tip of the sending neuron and the dendrite of the receiving neuron

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23
Q

Glial cells

A

Cells in the nervous system that support, nourish and protect neurons

24
Q

Biological psychology

A

A branch of psychology concerned with the links between biology & behavior

25
Q

Split brain

A

Two hemispheres of the brain are isolated by cutting the connecting fibers

26
Q

Adrenal glands

A

Glands that release epinephrine & norepinephrine

27
Q

Action potential

A

Brief electrical charge that travels down the axon

28
Q

Association areas

A

Areas not involved in primary motor or sensory functions

29
Q

lesion

A

Tissue destruction

30
Q

hypothalamus

A

Directs several maintenance activities, governs endocrine system via pituitary gland & is linking to emotion

31
Q

medulla

A

Base of the brainstem

32
Q

Pituitary gland

A

Regulates growth & controls other endocrine glands

33
Q

cerebral

A

Interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebral hemispheres

34
Q

Reticular formation

A

A nerve network in the brainstem

35
Q

plasticity

A

Brain�s capacity for modification

36
Q

Motor neurons

A

Neurons that carry outgoing information from the CNS to the muscles & glands

37
Q

Temporal lobes

A

Above the ears

38
Q

acetylcholine

A

A neurotransmitter that enables learning & memory & triggers muscle contraction

39
Q

Endocrine system

A

The body�s chemical communication

40
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body in stressful situations

41
Q

neurotransmitters

A

Chemical messengers that traverse the gap

42
Q

axon

A

Extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal fibers

43
Q

threshold

A

The level of stimulation required to trigger a neural impulse

44
Q

aphasia

A

Impairment of language

45
Q

dendrite

A

Branching extensions of a neuron that receives messages

46
Q

Limbic system

A

Associated with emotions such as fear, aggression & drives for sex

47
Q

nerves

A

Neural �cables� containing many axons

48
Q

reflex

A

A simple, automatic, inborn response to a sensory stimulus

49
Q

interneurons

A

CNS neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the sensory & motor neurons

50
Q

Sensory cortex

A

Front of the partial lobes

51
Q

hormones

A

Chemical messengers produced in one tissue that affect another

52
Q

Nervous system

A

The body�s electrochemical communication network

53
Q

thalamus

A

Directs messages to the sensory receiving areas in the cortex & transmits replies to the cerebellum & medulla

54
Q

Central nervous system

A

The brain and the spinal chord

55
Q

Broca’s Area

A

Controls language expression; frontal lobe: left hemisphere

56
Q

fMRI

A

A technique for revealing blood flow

AP PSYCH (13 decks)

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