BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES - DNA

Question 1

What is the basic structural unit of nucleic acids?

Answer 1

Nucleotide

Question 2

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Answer 2

Phosphate group, sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 3

What type of bond connects the sugar and phosphate in a nucleotide?

Answer 3

Phosphodiester bond

Question 4

Which nitrogenous bases are found in RNA?

Answer 4

Adenine, cytosine, guanine, uracil

Question 5

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

Answer 5

DNA and RNA

Question 6

What is the sugar component in RNA?

Answer 6

Ribose

Question 7

True or False: RNA is typically single-stranded.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

What is the function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Answer 8

Carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes

Question 9

Which type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis?

Answer 9

tRNA (transfer RNA)

Question 10

What is the enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template?

Answer 10

RNA polymerase

Question 11

What is the process of converting DNA to RNA called?

Answer 11

Transcription

Question 12

What is the process of converting RNA into a protein called?

Answer 12

Translation

Question 13

Which type of RNA contains the anticodon that pairs with the mRNA codon?

Answer 13

tRNA (transfer RNA)

Question 14

What is the function of rRNA in protein synthesis?

Answer 14

Forms part of the ribosome structure

Question 15

What is the complementary base pair for adenine in RNA?

Answer 15

Uracil