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A LEVEL BIOLOGY > Biological Molecules > Flashcards

Biological Molecules Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the four main types of biological molecules?

A

Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

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2
Q

What is the function of carbohydrates?

A

Provide energy and structural support

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3
Q

What is the basic unit of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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4
Q

What are examples of monosaccharides?

A

Glucose, fructose, and galactose

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5
Q

What are lipids?

A

Hydrophobic molecules that include fats, oils, and steroids

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6
Q

What is the function of lipids?

A

Energy storage and structural components of cell membranes

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7
Q

What are proteins made up of?

A

Amino acids

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8
Q

What is the primary function of proteins?

A

Enzymes, structural support, transport, signaling, and defense

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9
Q

What are nucleic acids?

A

Polymers of nucleotides

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10
Q

What are the two types of nucleic acids?

A

DNA and RNA

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11
Q

What is the function of DNA?

A

Stores genetic information

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12
Q

What is the function of RNA?

A

Involved in protein synthesis

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13
Q

What is the structure of a nucleotide?

A

Phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogenous base

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14
Q

What is the sugar component in DNA nucleotides?

A

Deoxyribose

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15
Q

What is the sugar component in RNA nucleotides?

A

Ribose

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16
Q

Which biological molecule is composed of long chains of amino acids?

A

Proteins

17
Q

What is the bond that connects amino acids in proteins?

A

Peptide bond

18
Q

What is the function of enzymes in biological molecules?

A

Catalyze chemical reactions

19
Q

True or False: Lipids are water-soluble molecules.

A

False

20
Q

Fill in the blank: Carbohydrates are made up of ____________.

A

Monosaccharides

21
Q

What is the main function of nucleic acids?

A

Store and transmit genetic information

22
Q

Which biological molecule is the main source of energy for living organisms?

A

Carbohydrates

23
Q

What is the role of lipids in cell membranes?

A

Provide a barrier and regulate transport

24
Q

What is the complementary base pairing in DNA?

A

Adenine-Thymine, Guanine-Cytosine

25
Q

What is the function of ATP in biological molecules?

A

Energy currency of the cell

A LEVEL BIOLOGY (7 decks)

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