Biological molecules | 4

Question 1

What do the 3 types of molecules contain in common

Answer 1

Carbon . hydrogen , oxygen

Proteins contain nitrogen and sometimes phosphorus and Sulphur

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

Made up of simple sugars (glucose)

Used as energy source

Glycogen and starch make good storage molecules.

Cellulose gives plant walls strength

Can come in form of glucose , cellulose , starch etc..

Question 3

Fats (Oils are liquid at room temp)

Answer 3

Made from fatty acids and glycerol

Form part of cell membrane and internal membranes

Used as energy when stored in cytoplasm

E.g.. Vegetable oil , olive oil , animal fats

Question 4

Proteins

Answer 4

Made from chains of ammino acids

20 different amino acids

Has nitrogen and sometimes Sulphur and phosphorus ontop of CHO

Eg. Enzymes , muscle , cell membranes

Question 5

What are membranes made of

Answer 5

Protiens and fats

Question 6

DNA

Answer 6

Important biological molecule

Double helix shape
Made up of nucleotides containing bases
Bases A and T and C and G pair together

Question 7

Glucose formula

Answer 7

C6 H12 O6

Question 8

Cellulose

Answer 8

Form of Carbs , Chain of glucose , the molecules are chained together to make fibers , which are layed down in layers to make cell wall

Question 9

Describe a molecule of fat

Answer 9

Three molecules of fatty acid joined chemically with one molecule of glycerol

makes a fat molecule

Question 10

What is a nucleotide

Answer 10

5 - carbon suger molecule joined to a phosphate group and a organic base

They are joined by their phosphate groups to make a long chain

In a chromosome there are 2 strands of nucleotides

Parts : organic base + deoxyribose + phosphate