Biological foundations of speech and language Flashcards
Do we have a single speech organ?
No
What does the frontal lobe do?
- cognitive function
- planning, initiating, and inhibits voluntary motion
What does the Parietal lobe do?
-sensory perception
What does the temporal lobe do?
Audition
What does the Occipital lobe do?
Vision
How many neutrons does the brain have?
- packed with 1cm3
- 44 million neurons
- 90 billion synapses
What is the corpus callosum?
The part of the brain that connects the two hemispheres so they can communicate.
What areas of the brain do we look to in relation to perception for language?
- Wernickes area
- Auditory cortex
- Visual cortex
- Somatosensory cortex
- amygdala
What areas of the brain do we look to in relation to production for language?
- Brocas area
- Anguluar gyrus
- Somatomotor cortex
- Cerebellum and brain stem
What are some characteristics of the Larynx?
- Is used to facilitate the production of sound
- Sits at the top of the Trachea
- Is made of cartilages, muscle and ligaments
- Mammals are more likely to have malfunctions of the larynx and choke.
Which nerves are associated with which muscles?
Cranial nerves –> From brainstem
Spinal nerves –> From spinal chord
Sensory nerves –> Takes messages to the brain
Motor nerves –> Take messages from the brain
What is the secondary function of the larynx?
Phonation
What is phonation?
Vocal chord vibration???
What pitch is created when there is more mass in the vocal folds?
-Lower pitch
What are some pharynx characteristics? (AKA throat)
- Mucosa lined tube from the nasal cavity through rear of oral cavity to larynx
- Important role in resonance
- Can move and shape the vocal tract
- In some languages it is a place of articulation for pharyngeal sounds..(In English, primarily affects the quality of speech sound that are produced in oral cavity.
