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biology > biological compounds 1.1 (proteins) > Flashcards

biological compounds 1.1 (proteins) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the functions of proteins?

A

Structural- main component of body tissues
Catalyctic- All enzymes are proteins
Signalling- Many hormones & receptors are proteins
Immunological- All antibodies are proteins

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2
Q

What is the monomer of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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3
Q

What are in all amino acids?

A

-Carboxyl group (COOH)
-Amine group (NH2)
-Variable side chain (R)

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4
Q

What reaction forms peptide bonds?

A

Condensation

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5
Q

What reaction breaks peptide bonds?

A

Hydrolysis

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6
Q

What is a peptide bond between?

A

Nitrogen and Carbon

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7
Q

What is the definition of primary structure?

A

Order of Amino acids in the polypeptide chain (Governed by order of bases in DNA)

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7
Q

What bonds are present in primary structure?

A

Peptide bonds

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7
Q

What is the definition of secondary structure?

A

Folding of the polypeptide chain in Alpha helix and Beta pleated sheets

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8
Q

What bonds are present in secondary structure?

A

Peptide bonds
Hydrogen bonds

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8
Q

What is the definition of tertiary structure?

A

Interaction of the R groups folding the chain into a 3D structure

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9
Q

What bonds are present in tertiary and quaternary structure?

A

Peptide
Hydrogen
Disulphide
Hydrophobic
Ionic

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10
Q

What is the definition of quaternary structure?

A

Interaction of more than one peptide chain

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11
Q

What is the fibrous structure?

A

Formed from parallel polypeptide chains held together by cross links

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12
Q

What are the properties of fibrous structure?

A

High tensile strength and insoluble in water

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13
Q

What are some examples of fibrous proteins?

A

Collagen and keratin

14
Q

What is globular structure?

A

Spherical shaped caused by tightly folded polypeptide chains
The chains are usually folded so that hydrophobic groups are on the inside and hydrophilic groups are on the outside.
Soluble in water

15
Q

What are some examples of globular proteins?

A

Haemoglobin & enzymes

biology (13 decks)

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