BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL EVOLUTION Flashcards
Who is credited with the theory of evolution?
a) Alfred Russel Wallace
b) Charles Darwin
c) Both Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin
b) Charles Darwin
Approximately when did the story of humanity’s evolution begin?
a) 7 million years ago
b) 1 million years ago
c) 100,000 years ago
a) 7 million years ago
Which ancient hominin species had fossil remains discovered in Ethiopia and lived about 2.8-4 million years ago?
a) Homo Habilis
b) Homo Erectus
c) Australopithecus Afarensis
c) Australopithecus Afarensis
What does “Homo Habilis” mean in Latin?
a) Skilled man
b) Able man
c) Wise man
b) Able man
Which extinct human species was the first known to have migrated out of Africa?
a) Homo Sapiens
b) Homo Erectus
c) Homo Neanderthalensis
b) Homo Erectus
In which region did Homo Neanderthalensis primarily inhabit?
a) Sub-Saharan Africa
b) Eurasia
c) Australia
b) Eurasia
What distinguishes Homo Sapiens from other great apes?
a) High intelligence
b) Thick body hair
c) Quadrupedal locomotion
a) High intelligence
Which extinct species of human is known for its archaic characteristics and lived in Eurasia until about 40,000 years ago?
a) Homo Sapiens
b) Homo Erectus
c) Homo Neanderthalensis
c) Homo Neanderthalensis
Where were the majority of early hominin fossils discovered?
a) North Central Africa
b) South America
c) East and South Africa
d) Australia
c) East and South Africa
How many species of early hominins are estimated to have lived between 6 and 1.5 million years ago?
a) Two
b) Six
c) Twelve
d) Twenty
c) Twelve
Which early hominin species survived for over 900,000 years, making it one of the longest-surviving hominin species?
a) Homo sapiens
b) Homo habilis
c) Australopithecines
d) Homo erectus
c) Australopithecines
Where is it believed that the Homo lineage most likely diverged and originated?
a) South America
b) Asia
c) Africa
d) Europe
c) Africa
How did fire contribute to early human social behaviors and evolution?
a) By facilitating hunting and gathering
b) By promoting isolation and solitude
c) By enabling shared spaces for cooking and socializing
d) By discouraging social connections
c) By enabling shared spaces for cooking and socializing
According to Lenski, what are the five major levels of development in terms of societies?
a) Agricultural, industrial, nomadic, horticultural, and urban
b) Hunting and gathering, horticultural, pastoral, agricultural, and industrial
c) Tribal, feudal, capitalist, socialist, and communist
d) Primitive, modern, post-modern, pre-agricultural, and industrial
b) Hunting and gathering, horticultural, pastoral, agricultural, and industrial
Which type of society relies on domesticated animals for food and is associated with the Latin word “pastor,” meaning shepherd?
a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Pastoral society
d) Horticultural society
c) Pastoral society
What significant transition is associated with the Neolithic revolution in human history?
a) The invention of the wheel
b) The birth of agriculture and the transition from hunter-gatherers to farming
c) The industrial revolution
d) The emergence of large urban centers
b) The birth of agriculture and the transition from hunter-gatherers to farming
What type of society is characterized by people using simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation for food?
a) Agricultural society
b) Pastoral society
c) Hunting and gathering society
d) Horticultural society
c) Hunting and gathering society
Which type of society is characterized by the use of technology and machinery for mass production and a high division of labor?
a) Agricultural society
b) Industrial society
c) Post-industrial society
d) Horticultural society
b) Industrial society
What is the defining feature of a post-industrial society?
a) Focus on the production of material goods
b) Transition from an economy of goods to an economy of services
c) High reliance on coal, oil, and natural gas
d) Emphasis on agriculture
b) Transition from an economy of goods to an economy of services
When did the Neolithic Revolution, also known as the Agricultural Revolution, take place?
a) Around 10,000 B.C.
b) During the Industrial Revolution
c) In the late 20th century
d) Around 2,000 B.C.
a) Around 10,000 B.C.
What is the key factor that marked the transition from hunter-gatherer societies to larger agricultural settlements in the Neolithic Revolution?
a) Discovery of electricity
b) Invention of the wheel
c) Practice of agriculture
d) Rise of democracy
c) Practice of agriculture
How did early civilizations and states emerge?
a) Through the use of information and services
b) By adopting industrial technology
c) As rulers gained control over larger areas and resources
d) Through the growth of large factories
c) As rulers gained control over larger areas and resources
