biogenetics

Question 1

what is the process of photosynthesis

Answer 1

the process of plants making glucose

Question 2

what is the equation for photosynthesis

Answer 2

sunlight
carbon dioxide + water – glucose + oxygen

Question 3

what is the chemical symbol for glucose

Answer 3

C6H12O6

Question 4

what is the balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis

Answer 4

6H20 + 6CO2 — C6H12O6 + 6O2

Question 5

how is the rate of photosynthesis effected by temperature

Answer 5

increase in temperature, increase in photosynthesis because the reaction is controlled by enzymes. this increase continues up until a certain temperature when the enzymes begin to denature

Question 6

how is the rate of photosynthesis effected by light intensity

Answer 6

the higher the light intensity the faster the rate of photosynthesis

Question 7

how does the concentration of carbon dioxide effect photosynthesis

Answer 7

as the amount of carbon dioxide increases, so does the rate of photosynthesis

Question 8

how does the amount of chlorophyll affect the rate of photosynthesis

Answer 8

if chlorophyll is reduced by a magnesium deficiency then the rate of photosynthesis would decrease

Question 9

what is chlorophyll

Answer 9

pigment in the leaf that converts light energy to food for the plant.

Question 10

what are the main uses of glucose

Answer 10

• for respiration
• converted into starch for storage (in roots/stem/leaves)
• to produce fats or oils for storage (seeds)
• to produce cellulose to strengthen cell walls
• combine with nitrates to from amino acids which produce proteins

Question 11

what is respiration and where does it occur

Answer 11

an exothermic reaction which transfers energy from glucose and is continuously occurring in living cells

• breaking apart the glucose molecules to release the energy trapped inside

Question 12

what is aerobic respiration

Answer 12

takes place when there is enough oxygen takes place in mitochondria
releases more energy

Question 13

what is the word equation for aerobic respiratoin

Answer 13

glucose + oxygen —carbon dioxide + water

Question 14

what is the balanced chemical symbol equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 14

6CH12O6 + 6O2 — 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 15

what is anaerobic respiration

Answer 15

respiration when there isn’t enough oxygen
doesn’t release as much energy
the oxidation of glucose is incomplete

Question 16

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals

Answer 16

glucose —- lactic acid

Question 17

what is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast ( when this happens in yeast what is it called and how is it used )

Answer 17

glucose —- ethanol + carbon dioxide

fermentation - bread making and in alcohol

Question 18

what happens to the body when exercise is being completed ( answer in terms of energy and respiration)

Answer 18

when exercising more energy is needed in order for muscles to contract meaning respiration has to occur faster and therefore more oxygen is needed

Question 19

why would your body undertake anaerobic reactions when exercising

Answer 19

if there isn’t enough oxygen being supplied when exercising such as doing a sprint

Question 20

define oxygen debt

Answer 20

the amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid and remove it from the cells

Question 21

how does oxygen debt occur

Answer 21

because lactic acid is a byproduct of anaerobic respiration it builds up oxygen debt ( because oxygen is needed to break down lactic acid)

Question 22

how is lactic acid converted back to glucose

Answer 22

blood flowing through the muscle transports the lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back

Question 23

define metabolism

Answer 23

the sum of all the reactions in a cell or the body

Question 24

what are some examples of metabolic reactions

Answer 24

• glucose molecules being converted to starch
• reactions in respiration
• glucose and nitrate ions forming amino acids which are used to form proteins