Biofilm & Plaque Formation Pt.1 Flashcards
What are the early colonizers of the sterlie oral enviroment after birth?
low numbers of mainly facultative and aerobic bacteria
Why is it that before tooth eruption there is only faculative and anerobic bacteria?
Lack of niches to support anerobic; no crevices
At that time, the oral microbiota of newborns closely resembles the mother’s
what are the two microbiota possibilities?
- Birth canal= vaginal microbiota
- Cesarean section= mothers skin microbiota
From the second day, ____ bacteria can be detected in the infant’s edentulous mouth.
No teeth.
anaerobic bacteria
As exposure ot external enviromnetal microbal sources occurs in infants what happnes?
The number of oral bacteria increases gradually
What are the 2 first and most dominant oral microbes to colonize the oral cavity of newborn infants.
- Streptococcus Salivarius
- Streptococcus Mitis
Gram +, facultative anerobic resp.
Explaint the relationship of detection and growth of a microbe?
Detection does NOT mean growth.
Microbe may be there, but it may not be viable.
What are the 5 inital colonizing species of the oral microbiota?
- Streptococcus
- Lactobacilli
- Actinomyces
- Nesseria
- Varionella
Study living And No Vacations
What (generally) happens after tooth eruption?
more complex oral microbiota is established (more niches= more crevices)
What are three species that colonies teeth post tooth eruption?
- Streptococcus sanguinis
- Lactobacillus spp.,
- Streptococcus oralis.
SLO
What 5 streptococci species are found after the 1st year of life and can becomecariogenic?
- S. oralis
- Streptococcus anginosus
- mutans streptococci (Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus)
- Streptococcus gordonii
Oral Anguish must sob greatly
What 2 anerobes can be detected (does not mean growth) in young children?
- Fusiform Spp.
- Prevotella spp.
As more teeth erupt what occurs?
More bacterial growth, more species, more niches for adhearance of bacteria.
Hard surfaces
establishment of microbes, does not mean you exhibit the disease because . Bacteria has to overcome immunity of the host and their defenses.
Colonization
What are 3 red complex bacteria?
- P. gingivalis
- T. Forsynthia
- T. denticola
Most organisms can survive in the oropharynx only when they adhere to either what?
- Soft tissue
- Hard surfaces
What are ways in which bacteria that is not adheared to a hard surface or soft tissue can be removed by?
Protective mechanism
- Swallowing, mastication, or blowing the nose
- Tongue and oral hygiene implements
- The wash-out effect of the salivary, nasal, and crevicular fluid outflow
- The active motion of the cilia of the nasal and sinus walls
Stagnation is required for bacteria to settel of hard surfaces
Bacteria growth in which the bacteria does not settel or stick to surfaces; turbid broth.
not required to settel.
Planktonic Growth
Bacterial growh in which it sticks and settels on to hard surfaces
Biofilm growth
Where can biofilms not form?
Mucosa!
it NEEDs to be a hard surface
What is the first virulence factor of biofilm bacteria?
allows a bacteria to be more successful in a niche
Being able to stick to surfaces!
Fimbrae, adhesion receptos
The ability of a bacterium to what? Is crucial for the induction of infectious diseases like gingivits and periodontitis
adhere to its host
Oral bacteria and especially pathogenic bacteria, such as P. gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans have a large battery of what?
virulence factors
Wider range.
What is (B) and what is E? What is next to (B)? Cloud area?
B= emeshed fibrin
Next to B= bacillus bactera
Cloud area= agreggating matrix produced by bacteria (proteins excreted out, providing essential formation of plaque)
E= erythrocyte (RBC)
What are the 6 major ecosytems of the oral cavity?
- Supragingical hard surfaces
- Subgingival regions adjacent to hard surfaces
- Buccal-palattal epithelum + epithelium of floor
- Dorsum of tongue
- Tonsils
- Saliva
What niche?
hard surfaces (teeth, implants, restorations, and prostheses)
intraoral and supragingival
(above gingival line)
the periodontal/peri-implant pocket (characterized by the presence of crevicular fluid, the root cementum or implant surface, and the pocket epithelium)
Subgingival region adj to hard surface
(below gingival line)
Worst place for bacteria to get in is ? What is this called.
Blood; bacteremia.
In advanaced periodontitisbacteria penetrate what 2 things sturctures to enter the connecitve tissue?
Penetrate the:
1. Pocket epithelium
2. Basment lamina
The capacity of adhesion of P. gingivalis varies. Explain
Normally always in oral microbiota
* **Healthy pt= **low levels, resistance to adhesion
* Chronic Periodontisit= lots of adhesion, becuase enviroment is condusive to the organism. Less resistance.
suggested that teeth are the primary habitat for what?
Periodontopathogens
Explain what removal of teeth in pt. wit severe periodontitis does to bacteria?
key pathogens such as Aa and P. gingivalis dissapear from oral cavity BUT P. intermedia & prevotella spp. remained in lower numbers
implantation of new tooth can result in re-colonization of the bacteria.
Because not all bacterial infection was taken care of.
What signals that inflammation is still ongoing?
Gingival recession
Eradiaction fo all bacteria and niches in the mouth even with full denture weares is what?
Nearly impossible. Some bactera will always find a niche/crevice to hide out in.
Post full extraction A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis are what?
remain colonizers of the oral cavity, but when teeth are lost, the relative numbers of these bacteria decrease
Explain cariogenic species hypothesis?
S. mutans cells in the saliva or on the tongue are derived from the biofilm present on the teeth.
Hard surface present? Cariogenic species there.
If all teeth are extracted they will hide out and wait. Reappar after denture insertion.
Also can be detected in pre-dentate children
What are 3 attachements of plaque?
- Tooth attached plaque (hard surface)
- Unattached in between
- Epithelial associated
Bad hygiene, bad oral health=
quroum sensing
Endose bacterial growth