Biofeedback

Question 1

Cannon’s fight or flight

Answer 1

SAM response, adrenal medulla, NE & epi

Question 2

Selye’s general adaptation syndrome

Answer 2

HPA, hypothalamus, CRH, ACTH, cotisol

Question 3

Stress and trauma are heart risks

Answer 3

stress is more predictive of CVD than cholesterol

- all kinds of stress (work, marital, financial)

Question 4

Relaxation protects the heart

Answer 4

both leading up to and during disease, less stress leads to less adverse CVD affects

Question 5

Biofeedback

Answer 5

group of therapeutic procedures that…

1. electronic/electromechanical instruments
2. accurately measure, process, and feedback to patient/therapist
3. information with educational and reinforcing properties
4. information about neuromuscular and autonomic activity (both normal and abnormal)
5. form analog of bionary, auditory, and/or visual feedbacks

Question 6

Biofeedback best achieved with….

Answer 6

• experienced professional
• develop greater awareness/confidence about something that is otherwise involuntary
• controlling the external signal
• using cognition, sensation, or other cues to prevent, stop, or reduce symptoms

Question 7

7 levels of facets of presentation

Answer 7

1. Signal presentation
2. Explanation of signal
3. Explanation of signal in relation to physiology
4. Explanation of signal in relation to symptoms
5. Therapists suggestions
6. Information to therapist
7. Informing patients of their successes

Question 8

Biofeedback models

Answer 8

Physiological changes result in changes in symptoms
Cognitive changes result in changes in symptoms
Placebo results in changes in symptoms
Freeforward process results in changes in symptoms

Question 9

Heart Rate Variability

Answer 9

measure of autonomic nervous system that assesses sympathetic and parasympathetic responses by recording inter-beat intervals

• shown to predict health risks –> CV related
• influenced by heart beat and breathing patterns

Question 10

Sympathetic and Parasympathetic balance

Answer 10

• frequency of 0.04-0.15 Hz

Low frequency

Question 11

Parasympathetic activation

Answer 11

decreases HR, BP, promotes GI activity
- frequency of 0.15-0.4 Hz
High frequency

Question 12

Robust HRV

Answer 12

balance between parasympathetic and sympathetic systems

- high sympathetic activity = decreased cardiac reserve

Question 13

High HRV

Answer 13

youth, aerobic fitness, exercise tolerant, better cognitive functioning

Question 14

Low HRV

Answer 14

Aging, heart failure, MI, Depression, anxiety, stress

Question 15

Sympathetic activation

Answer 15

-0.005-0.05 Hz

Very low frequency