Bioethics Flashcards
wrongful act, not including a breach of contract or trust, that results in injury to another person, property, and reputation
tort
failure of a professional person, as a physician or lawyer, to render proper services
malpractice
failure to exercise that degree of care
negligence
refers to wholeness, capacity of a man/woman to meet one’s biological, psychological, social and spiritual needs in relation to God, oneself, others and one’s environment.
health
a period of sickness affecting the body or mind
illness
study of the ethical and moral implications of new biological discoveries and biomedical advances, as in the field of genetic engineering and drug research
bioethics
it is a branch of study dealing with what is the proper course of action for man
ethics
is the practical judgment of a reason upon an individual act as good and to be performed or evil and to be avoided
conscience
in health, it is the caring, not destroying of man’s body in reproductive technology and terminal illness. it is the correction of defect and not merely perceived body improvements in constructive and cosmetic surgery
stewardship
commits to bodily integrity functions and correlative prohibition of mutilation
totality
an act that has both good and bad effects
double effect
is to be one with others
solidarity
every creature should be trusted with the function he is capable of performing
subsidiarity
approaches to justice:
according to which the rightness or wrongness of an action should be judged by its consequences
utilitarian
approaches to justice:
favors equality for all people
egalitarian
approaches to justice:
upholds liberty as its principle - justice is served
libertarian
approaches to justice:
what is valued by the community determines what is just
communitarian
approaches to justice:
what is due depends on what has been given/received.
equity
approaches to justice:
justice is doing to others what one would have them do to oneself
natural law
through marital act is the only moral setting for the generation of children
natural reproduction
all life from the moment of conception is and through all subsequent stages, is sacred
inviolability of life
violations arise in:
- surgical sterility
- substitution of reproduction
- use of hormones, intra-uterine devices
- donation of sperms or eggs
- surrogate motherhood
- genetic manipulation
end of life:
is an action or omission which of itself or by intention, causes death
euthanasia
end of life:
patients who see themselves as a burden to others are guilty to be alive
hedonism
end of life:
the emphasis of efficiency and cost-effectiveness in healthcare and the grief and guilt that preoccupy patients frequently result in the devaluing of the dying patients who is treated as an object with no decision-making power
autonomy
end of life:
delaying or postponing death beyond its natural time by all means available
dysthanasia
end of life:
allowing death as its natural time
orthothanasia
