bioenergetics Flashcards
What is respiration?
the process by which energy is released from glucose.
Define photosynthesis.
the process by which plants make glucose using carbon dioxide, water and sunlight.
Define limiting factor.
A factor that is slowing down the rate of photosynthesis when it is not present.
What is aerobic respiration?
respiration where oxygen is used to release lots of energy.
What is anaerobic respiration?
respiration where oxygen is not used and only a small amount of energy is released.
What is fermentation?
anaerobic respiration in yeast
Define oxygen debt.
the amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the built-up lactic acid and remove it from the cells.
What is metabolism?
all of the chemical reactions in a cells or body.
What is the number equation for photosynthesis?
6CO^2+6H2O->C6H12O6+6O2
Word equation for aerobic respiration.
glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
Balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
Word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles.
glucose ⟶ lactic acid
Word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells.
Glucose →ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy
Balanced symbol for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells.
C6H12O6 ⟶ 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2ATP.
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?
Fermentation.
Is anaerobic respiration important?
Many of our foods are produced by microorganisms respiring anaerobically
Why does anaerobic respiration take place during exercise?
your body cells may not have enough oxygen for aerobic respiration to take place and anaerobic respiration occurs instead.
What causes muscle fatigue?
Caused by a build-up of lactic acid, which is produced during anaerobic respiration
Is there a vaccination for malaria?
No idiot
Role of liver in removal of lactic acid.
Oxidised to carbon dioxide and water, or. converted to glucose, then glycogen - glycogen levels in the liver and muscles can then be restored.
What do phagocytes do?
Surround any pathogens in the blood and engulf them
What are examples of metabolic processes?
Cellular respiration.
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration.
Response to exercise.
Oxygen debt and the liver
