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bioenergetics Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is respiration?

A

the process by which energy is released from glucose.

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2
Q

Define photosynthesis.

A

the process by which plants make glucose using carbon dioxide, water and sunlight.

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3
Q

Define limiting factor.

A

A factor that is slowing down the rate of photosynthesis when it is not present.

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4
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

A

respiration where oxygen is used to release lots of energy.

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5
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

respiration where oxygen is not used and only a small amount of energy is released.

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6
Q

What is fermentation?

A

anaerobic respiration in yeast

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7
Q

Define oxygen debt.

A

the amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the built-up lactic acid and remove it from the cells.

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8
Q

What is metabolism?

A

all of the chemical reactions in a cells or body.

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9
Q

What is the number equation for photosynthesis?

A

6CO^2+6H2O->C6H12O6+6O2

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10
Q

Word equation for aerobic respiration.

A

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

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11
Q

Balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration.

A

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

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12
Q

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles.

A

glucose ⟶ lactic acid

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13
Q

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells.

A

Glucose →ethanol + carbon dioxide + energy

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14
Q

Balanced symbol for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells.

A

C6H12O6 ⟶ 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2ATP.

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15
Q

What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?

A

Fermentation.

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16
Q

Is anaerobic respiration important?

A

Many of our foods are produced by microorganisms respiring anaerobically

17
Q

Why does anaerobic respiration take place during exercise?

A

your body cells may not have enough oxygen for aerobic respiration to take place and anaerobic respiration occurs instead.

18
Q

What causes muscle fatigue?

A

Caused by a build-up of lactic acid, which is produced during anaerobic respiration

19
Q

Is there a vaccination for malaria?

A

No idiot

20
Q

Role of liver in removal of lactic acid.

A

Oxidised to carbon dioxide and water, or. converted to glucose, then glycogen - glycogen levels in the liver and muscles can then be restored.

21
Q

What do phagocytes do?

A

Surround any pathogens in the blood and engulf them

22
Q

What are examples of metabolic processes?

A

Cellular respiration.
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Anaerobic respiration.
Response to exercise.
Oxygen debt and the liver

biology (10 decks)

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