Bioenergetics Flashcards
What happens in photosynthesis?
When energy is used to change carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen taking place in the chloroplasts in green plant cells which contain pigments such as chlorophyll that absorbs light. It is endothermic as energy is transferred from the environment in the process.
What is the word equation photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water (light)→(light) glucose + oxygen.
What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂O (light)→(light) C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
What are the 3 limiting factors of the rate of photosynthesis?
› light intensity.
› CO₂ concentration.
› temperature.
› amount of chlorophyll.
How have leaves adapted for photosynthesis?
› many leaves are flat to absorb as much light as they can.
› they are thin so CO₂ can reach inner cells easily.
What is respiration?
The process of transferring energy from glucose which goes in every cell in your body.
Is respiration exothermic or endothermic?
Exothermic as it transfers energy to the environment.
What type of respiration is fermentation?
Anaerobic.
What is photosynthesis?
An endothermic reaction in which energy is transferred to chloroplasts from the environment by light.
What is the inverse square law and what is the equation?
It links light intensity with distance from a light source.
LIGHT INTENSITY∝ 1/DISTANCE (d)²
[doubling the distance means light intensity is four times smaller]
What is the process of oxygen debt?
❶ anaerobic respiration takes place in muscles.
❷ lactic acid builds up in muscles.
❸ oxygen debt created.
❹ heart rate and breathing rate stay high after exercise to repay oxygen debt.
How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
It affects the enzymes involved.
> if the temperature too low, the enzymes needed for photosynthesis work more slowly.
> if the temperature too high, the enzymes it needs for photosynthesis and its other reactions will be damaged.
How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
It provides the energy needed for photosynthesis.
As light levels rise, the rate of photosynthesis increases steadily but only up to a certain point as either temperature or the CO₂ level which is now the limiting factor.
How does carbon dioxide concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis?
CO₂ is one of the raw materials needed for photosynthesis.
How does the amount of chlorophyll affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Factors like disease or environmental stress such as lack of nutrients can cause chloroplasts to become damaged or to not make chlorophyll.
