Biodiversity Sampling Flashcards
Random
Selecting individuals by chance
Non-Random
Divided into 3 techniques: opportunistic, stratisfied, systemic
What is opportunistic sampling?
Uses organisms conveniently available
What is stratified sampling?
When populations are divided into a number of subgroups based on their characteristics
Frame Quadrat
Square frame divided into equal sections. Used to sample the population of plants living in a habitat by measuring the density, frequency, and percentage cover.
Point Quadrat
Frame with a horizontal bar and long pins which can be pushed through the bat to reach the ground speed across set intervals along the bar.
Tree Beating
Large white cloth is placed underneath a tree so when the tree is shaken or beaten it will dislodge any invertebrates so they fall onto the cloth and can be collected and studied.
Pooter
Sucking on a mouthpiece will draw insects into a holding chamber via the inlet tube
Sweep Net
Helps catch insects in areas of long grass
Pitfall Trap
Used to catch small invertebrates. A hole is dig in the ground which the insects fall into. A roof structure is placed over the top of the hole to capture the insects Structure is left out overnight to allow nocturnal species to be captured
Kick Sampling
Used to study species in a river by kicking the riverbank and bed for a period of time so that substrate is disturbed. A net is held downstream so any organisms that any organisms that have been released into the flowing water can be captured.
What is species evenness?
Relative abundance of each species in an area. (Same species)
What is species richness?
Number of different species per sample.
What does representative mean?
Reduce the effect of chance by ensuring large sample sizes with adequate repeats
Population calculation
capture-mark-release-recapture
overall total in second sample x total number marked ÷ total number of marked individuals in second sample
