Biodiversity

Question 1

Biodiversity ~ what it means & the different types

Answer 1

BIODIVERSITY ~ the variety of living organisms in a region.

3 types of biodiversity:
- Habitat/ecosystem
- Species
- Genetic

Question 2

HABITAT/ECOSYSTEM Biodiversity

Answer 2

All of the different habitats that we find in a an area.

EXAMPLES:
- Wetlands
- Meadows
- Sand dunes
- Streams

• A place with a RICH habitat biodiversity, will support a wide range of plants, animal, fungi & microorganisms

Question 3

SPECIES biodiversity

Answer 3

Tells us about the species living in a certain area

SPECIES RICHNESS ~ counts the number of different species present

SPECIES EVENESS ~ compares how many individuals of each species there are in a community.

Question 4

GENETIC biodiversity

Answer 4

Considers the variety of GENES and ALLELES within a species.

• A species with a RICH genetic biodiversity can better adapt to ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE.
• If the species faces a new PATHOGEN, having a greater variety of genes and alleles will increase the survival numbers

Question 5

Stable ecosystem

Answer 5

Where the NUMBER of species and the POPULATION SIZES of these species, rarely change

Question 6

Simpsons Index of Diversity ~ with steps

Answer 6

Used to determine the SPECIES BIODIVERSITY of an area:

D = 1- sum (n/N)^2

n = total number of organism of a particular species

N = total number of organisms of all species

STEPS:

1. ADD all the organisms of all the different species to find the total number of organisms (N)
2. DIVIDE the number of each species by the total
3. SQUARE each value
4. ADD together these numbers
5. SUBTRACT this total from 1

Question 7

Community

Answer 7

The POPULATION of living organisms in a HABITAT.