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Biology A-level > Biodiversity > Flashcards

Biodiversity Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a species?

A

Individuals who can breed together to produce fertile offspring

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2
Q

What does taxonomy mean?

A

Science of classification

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3
Q

What does phylogeny mean?

A

Study of how organisms have evolved from a shared common ancestor

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4
Q

What is the purpose of courtship?

A
  • Recognise members of the same species
  • Identify a mate that is capable of breeding
  • Form a pair bond
  • Synchronise mating
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5
Q

What are the three domains?

A
  • Archaea
  • Bacteria
  • Eukarya
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6
Q

What are the features of the bacteria domain?

A
  • No histones
  • No membrane bound organelles
  • 70s ribosomes
  • cell walls made of murein
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7
Q

What are the features of the archaea domain?

A
  • Membranes contain fatty acids joined to glycerol by ester linkages
  • Cell wall does not contain murein.
  • Genes and protein synthesis similar to eukaryotes
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8
Q

What are the features of the eukarya domain?

A
  • Membrane bound organelles
  • Membranes contain fatty acids joined to glycerol by ester linkages
  • Cell wall doesnt contain murein
  • 80s ribosomes
  • Histones
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9
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

Variety of life in the living world

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10
Q

What is species richness?

A

Number of different species in a particular area at a given time

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11
Q

What is a community?

A

All the individuals living in one area at one given time

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12
Q

What is a species diversity?

A

Number of different species and the number of each individuals of each species within any community

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13
Q

What is genetic diversity?

A

Variety of different alleles of genes within a population of a species

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14
Q

What is ecosystem diversity?

A

The range of habitats in one area

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15
Q

Explain how agriculture has reduced species diversity

A
  • Monoculture
  • Removal of hedgerows
  • Use of pesticides
  • Absence of crop rotation and intercropping
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16
Q

What steps can farmers take to conserve species diversity?

A

Plant hedges
Maintain existing ponds
Reduce use of pesticides
Use crop rotation and intercropping

17
Q

What are three ways of investigating genetic diversity?

A

Compare:
- DNA sequences
- RNA sequences
- Amino acids sequences

18
Q

How can the effect of chance when sampling be reduced?

A

Large sample size

19
Q

What does standard deviation tell you?

A

Indicates the range of values either side of the mean

20
Q

What are the different types of variation?

A

Continuous and discontinuous

Biology A-level (22 decks)

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