Biodiversity Flashcards
Species diversity
number of different species within an ecosystem within an ecosystem
Genetic diversity
range of genetic characteristics within a single species
Hot spot
small
Numerous endemic species
large number of endangered and threatened species.
Must contain 1500 species of vascular plants found nowhere else in earth
must have at least 70% of its native vegetation
Biological species concept
species if can interbreed.
Morphological
species based on their physical characteristics
Phylogenetic
species that states species comprises the smallest group of individuals sharing a common ancestor
Classification order
domain kingdom phylum class order family genus species
7 biggest classes of Chordata
Ascidacea Chondrichthyes Osteichthyes Amphibia Reptilia Ava Mammalia
ascidacea
Hollow body two openings No head notochord in larval stage (Sea squirt)
Chondrichthyes
skeleton made of cartilage No scales no gill covering Lay eggs highly developed sense of smell Can detect electrical fields (Shark)
Osteichthyes
gills Sense vibrations in water well developed eyes and smell Soft fins reinforced by ray of spine (Fish)
Amphibia
moist, scaly skin
Live in freshwater or moist environment
(Frogs, toads)
Reptilia
scaly, waterproof skin lungs Lay eggs ectothermic (regulate heat from outside) (Turtles, crocodiles)
Ava
dont live in water 4 chambered heart Lay eggs feathers (protection, insulate cold) wings (Birds)
Mammalia
4 chambered heart Endothermic hair at some stage Give birth to live young breath air
Four plant kingdom phylums
bryophytes
Pteridophytes
gymnosperms
Angiosperms
bryophytes
Non-vascular
moist environment
Reproduce via spores
Pteridophytes
seedless
Reproduce via spores
gymnosperms
Non-flowering
reproduce via cones
Moist or dry conditions
angiosperms
Flowers
Biodiversity
number, variety and variability of organisms present in a specified area
Vascular tissue
comprised of phloem and xylem
Tubes pf connected cells that transport nutrients, waters across plant
non-vascular
Photosynthesis
materials come transported through osmosis
9 most populated animal phylums
Chordata arthropoda echidnodermata Nematoda annelida Molusca platyheminthes Cnidaria porifera
Porifera
asymmetrical
multicellular
Sessile (adults live attached to something)
Body surrounds water filled space, but no body cavity.
(Sponges)
cnideria
Radially symmetrical gastrovascular cavity with one opening acting as mouth and anus Simple, net-like nervous system aquatic environment Nematocysts (stinging cells) (jellyfish)
nematoda
bilaterally symmetrical Cylindrical morphology body covered by round cuticle No circulatory system Alimentary canal with mouth and anus moist environment (Parasites - ringworm)
platyhelminthes
bilaterally symmetrical Gastrovascular cavity with single opening acting as mouth. 3 layers of tissue Body without cavity has blind gut (mouth, no anus) Flat
annelida
Bilaterally symmetrical more then two cell layers, tissues and organs Body cavity nervous system Closed circulatory system (Normal worm)
Mollusca
bilateral symmetry Body without cavity has through gut (mouth and anus) Use muscular foot for locomotion open circulatory system with heart and aorta (Snail, octopus, squid)
Echinodermata
five rayed symmetry Body has more then two cell layer, tissues and organs thin epidermic covering an endoskeleton Have short through gut (mouth and anus) no head (Sea urchins, sea stars, sea cucumbers)
Arthropoda
bilateral symmetry Segmented hard exoskeleton Through gut (mouth and anus) joined appendages (body parts attached to main trunk) (Lobster, butterfly, spider)
