Biochemistry of the Cell Flashcards
Organisms are complicated and highly ____.
organized
Biological structures serve ____ purposes
functional
Living systems are actively engaged in energy ____ and have a remarkable capacity for ____.
transformations; self-replication
Organisms capture energy in the form of special energized molecules such as ____ & ____.
ATP; NADPH
maraming energy molecules (ADP, etc.) but i2 lang asa ppt
DNA runs from ____ prime to the ____ prime end.
5’ to 3’
what are the 4 most abundant elements in the human body?
H, C, N, O
What property unites H, O, C and N and renders these atoms so appropriate to the chemistry of life?
Their ability to form covalent bonds.
Arrange the ff. structural organization of biomolecules (from low 2 hi)
- Inorg precursors
- Building blocks
- Supramolecular complexes
- The Cell
- Organelles
- Metabolites
- Macromolecules
- Inorg precursors
- Metabolites
- Building blocks
- Macromolecules
- Supramolecular complexes
- Organelles
- Cell
monomers of proteins?
amino acids
monomers of carbohydrates
monosaccharides
polymers = polysacchs
monomer of nucleic acids
nucleotides
What types of bonds hold atoms together so that molecules are formed?
Covalent bonds
What type of forces profoundly influence the structures and behaviors of all biological molecules?
Weak forces
or Intermolecular forces (IMF)
This weak force has its strength dependent on the relative size of the atoms or molecules and the distance between them.
Van der Waals forces
or London Dispersion Forces (LDF)
This intermolecular force’s relative strength is proportional to the polarity of the H-bond donor and acceptor. It is also classified as H bonding to O, N, & F.
Hydrogen bonds
this weak force is a complex phenomenon determined by the degree to which the structure of water is disordered as discrete hydrophobic molecules or molecular regions coalesce.
hydrophobic interactions
Biomolecular recognition is mediated by what?
weak chemical forces
In Van der Waals, the farther the molecules are from each other, the ____ the energy profile
greater or lesser
the lesser the energy profile
Combustion of glucose yields energy in the form of what?
heat
Identify if Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
A single plasma membrane
Prokaryotic
Identify if Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
No nucleus
Prokaryotic
Identify if Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
No membrane-bound organelles
Prokaryotic
Identify if Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
DNA is found in the Nucleoid
Prokaryotic
Identify if Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
Larger than the two
Eukaryotic
Identify if Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
Has a nucleus & membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic
Identify if Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic
DNA is found in the nucleus
Eukaryotic
What do you call the genetic elements enclosed in a protein coat which are not free-living organisms and can only reproduce within cells?
Viruses
