Biochemistry - Control of Development Flashcards
What is control of development…
It is where sets of genes are differentially regulated and expressed resulting in different types of cells.
What does gene control depend on?
Transcription factor, chromatin structures or specific receptor molecule synthesis.
What is cell fate based on?
Regulatory action with regional concentration or enhancer activity.
Example of development influenced by fetal development?
Fetal alcohol syndrome
What happens in Early Development?
Development plan is established, cleavage divisions in mitosis occur in series, where embryo becomes multicellular.
What happens after embryo becomes multicellular?
The blastula forms
Blastula
A hollow sphere of cells produced during development of the embryo by repeated cleavage of the fertilized egg.
What happens after blastula formation?
Folding of the blastula in the centre of the primitive streak in gastrulation
Importance of the primitive streak?
The streak establishes the cranial axis, connecting stalk cells thicken, cells proliferate/migrate to middles of the embryo.
Three layers formed in gastrulation…
Ectoderm, Endoderm and Mesoderm
How are cell fates determined?
Blastula cells become committed to a lineage, limiting states possible.
Types of cell fate…
Either autonomous or regulated by morphogens
Morphogens
Diffusible molecules produced in restrictied tissue region that can impact specific differentiation through concentration gradients.
What is morphogen regulation based on?
Positional information, the position of cells means imposition of development
What is gene control in C.elegans dependent on?
Polar granules